How is a gene different than an allele?
A gene is a portion of DNA that codes for a trait.
An allele is the different form of the same trait
0:00 Introduction Gene vs Allele
0:35 Definition of a gene
0:53 Definition of a trait
1:02 Traits of pea plants
1:18 Definition of an allele
1:52 Difference between dominant and recessive allele
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2021/12/alleles-vs-g

What is a kite in Geometry?
A kite has four sides, therefore it is a Quadrilateral
One of the first things you may notice is that there are two pairs of different-length sides.
The perimeter of a kite is found by adding the length of all four sides.
You can find the area by using the diagonals of the kite. A kite has one diagonal that is longer than the other diagonal.
More Information
http://www.moomoomath.com/defi....nition-of-kite-in-ge
What is a trapezoid?
https://youtube.com/shorts/p07jemRHOio

Learn the difference between physical and chemical changes by observing real life examples.
Is mentos and diet cke a physical or chemical change? Actually it is a phase change so it is a physical change.
I include other example like breaking a piggy bank, fireworks, cutting hair and several other examples. The goal is to help you undertand the difference between a physical and chemcal change by looking at examples.

More on Physical and Chemical Changes
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2017/03/physical-and

Transparent material allows visible light to pass through it. Some of the light may be absorbed, but it is possible to see objects through the material.
Translucent materials allow some light through them but it is scattered so it is impossible to see a clear image through the material.
Opaque materials don't let light through them at all. The light is either reflected or absorbed.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/08/transparent-

A rate is a comparison of two quantities that have different units.
A unit rate is a type of rate that has a denominator of 1

For more Math help visit our website
http://www.moomoomath.com/

Definition Unit Rate Short
https://youtube.com/shorts/HMGl28vc7ew

Learn common characteristics of birds. Birds are vertebrates that have feathers, a four chamber heart, a beak, wings, and are endothermic.

Bird Characteristic Blog post
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/04/bird-charact

In this video, I would like to talk about the cytoplasm of a cell.
The cytoplasm is a fluid found in cells and the organelles suspended within.
Cytoplasm is found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
The fluid of cytoplasm is called cytosol.
The organelles are found floating in this liquid.
Along with the cytoskeleton, the cytoplasm helps give the cell it’s shape.
Think of filling up a water balloon.
Without cytoplasm, the cell would be deflated and materials would not be able to pass easily from one organelle to another.
In addition, there are important molecules dissolved in the cytosol.
You will find enzymes, glucose, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids that are used to keep the cell working. Waste products are also dissolved before they are taken in by vacuoles or sent out of the cell.
The cytoplasm is also the site of ATP production through the process of glycolysis when glucose is converted into pyruvate and 2 ATP’s are generated.
In addition, the enzymes found in the cytosol help break down larger molecules.
So there you go, the very important fluid of living cells, the cytoplasm.
Take a journey to the cell
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QS274gwv_Sc
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Take a journey into a cell and learn about the cell organelles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3sgSJ44hOEg

Sublimation and Deposition are two types of phase changes. Sublimation is when a solid goes to a liquid and deposition is when a gas goes straight to a solid.
Sublimation and Deposition are phase changes. Sublimation is an endothermic process and deposition is an exothermic process.

Types of Proteins and their function in the human body
Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. Proteins are put together at ribosomes from a blueprint stored in DNA and more specifically from sections of the DNA called genes. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein. The order of amino acids determines each protein’s unique shape and its specific function or job.

Let’s take a look at 5 important functions of proteins
Messenger Proteins.
Enzymatic Proteins
Structural Proteins
Defensive Protein
Storage and Transport Proteins

What is the pH scale? The letters pH stand for the potential of hydrogen and is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a water-based substance?
pH is organized into a scale of acids and bases with neutral. substances right in the middle
The range goes from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base.
pH is also organized by color. Red usually indicates an acid and blue usually represents a base.
In the video, I cover many pH examples including examples of acids you find around you and examples of bases.

Learn how a Universe is different than a Galaxy which is different than a Solar System
A solar system consists of the objects like planets that revolve around the sun. In also includes small objects like comets and asteroids.
A galaxy is a huge collection of stars that are help together by gravity.
Galaxies contain a huge amount of stars.
The Universe is everything that exists.

Video and some pictures of the Universe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universe

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/09/solar-system
Top 7 videos " Scale of the Universe"
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/10/top-7-videos

Invertebrates make up 97 percent of all animals. In this video, I show a large amount of diversity that invertebrates contain. Invertebrates are animals without an internal skeleton. They can be soft like worms, have a shell like a snail, or have an exoskeleton like insects and spiders.

0:00 Introduction
0:13 Invertebrates
0:50 Starfish
1:17 Porifera
1:31 Annelida
1:45 Arthropods
2:15 Echnoderms
2:34 Cnidarians

What is the Carbon cycle? The carbon cycle is one of several biogeochemical cycles found on Earth. Carbon is found in almost all living organisms and makes up around .04 percent of our atmosphere.
What are the steps of the carbon cycle and how does the Carbon cycle work?
Carbon may travel several paths including,
The atmosphere, the terrestrial biosphere, the earth’s interior which includes the lithosphere, the ocean, and human influence like burning fossil fuels and other objects that store carbon.
In the video, I go through a carbon cycle diagram and explain each step.
Carbon can be found in several forms including carbon dioxide and methane.
The carbon cycle is essential for many ecosystems on Earth.

The Carbon Cycle
https://moomoomath.com/explain-the-carbon-cycle/

Biogeochemical Cycles - How the Earth Recycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

The Earth spins or rotates about an imaginary line that passes through the North and South Poles of the planet. This line is called the axis of rotation

It takes the Earth 23 hours and 56 minutes to complete one compete for rotation.
We round this to 24 hours which we call 1 day

The Earth rotates from west to east which counterclockwise. As the Earth rotates, different locations on Earth pass through the sun's light.
As a result, the sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west

As the Earth rotates the side of the Earth-facing the sun experiences day time and the side facing away from the sun experiences night time.
So the earth’s rotation is responsible for us experiencing day and night
The Earth’s revolution is the period of time it takes the Earth to go around the sun.
It takes two objects in order for a revolution to occur

The Earth revolves around the sun
It takes the earth 364 .25 days to revolve around the sun
We round this to 365 days 12 months or 1 year

The Earth travels in a counterclockwise direction

Foucault pendulum video
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....File:Foucault_pendul

Learn the difference between a solvent and a solute. A solute plus a solvent equal a solution. The solute is the object that is dissolved and the solvent is the object that dissolves.
In this video, I provide several examples such as coffee and sugar.
The solvent is the water and the solute is the soluble parts of coffee, sugar, and cream.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2019/02/solvent-solu

When the earth or moon fall between the sun and one another shadows are created. In this video, I demonstrate what an umbra, penumbra and an umbra look like.
The umbra is the darkest portion of a shadow.
The prenumbra is the lighter edges of a shadow.
The antumbra is the shadow created at the end of the umbra

MooMooMath and Science upload a new math and science video everyday.

Describe Nitrogen Cycle-Nitrogen cycle in simple terms

We can not just breathe in nitrogen and use it in our body like oxygen.
Instead, we must get our nitrogen from the food we eat.
Fortunately, we have bacteria that help recycle this nitrogen and put the nitrogen into a form we can use and ensures we won't run out of nitrogen.
Key Terms: Denitrification, nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrite, nitrate

Nitrogen Cycle
http://www.moomoomath.com/nitrogen-cycle.html

Nitrogen Cycle ,Nitrogen Fixation - Explanation in animation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZaFVfHftzpI&t=146s

Biogeochemical Cycles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bn41lXKyVWQ

Biogeochemical Cycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

For more Life Science videos
https://moomoomath.com/category/science-videos/

In this video you will learn how a histogram is different than a bar chart.
Welcome to MooMooMath where we upload a new Math video everyday
In this video I would like to talk about the difference between a histogram and a bar graph.
A histogram and a bar chart both ways to graph data.
Both have an x and y axis, and both use a bar to display the data.
With a histogram the categories are numerical.
For example, notice on this histogram the x axis is the age of people in the room. The ages are grouped in a numerical range.
In this next example, the histogram is graphing the score on a test and the number of people who scored in each range.
Also, the bars of a histogram touch
A bar graph uses categories such as types of movies, color of eyes, and the bars do not touch
For example, in this bar graph the categories are grade level and the number of students in each grade level.
Notice that the bars do not touch
In another example, the categories are types of videos and the number of videos in each type.
Again, the bars do not touch
In summary, histograms have bars that touch and use quantities.
A bar graph have bars that don't touch and use categorical data.

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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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Quantitative data can be divided into two types, discrete and continuous data.In this video you will learn the differences between discrete and continuous data.

Transcript
Welcome to MooMooMath where we upload a new Math video everyday.
In this video I would like to talk about two types of quantitative data.
Discrete and Continuous
Discrete data is data that has distinguishable spaces between values.
Often it is data that is counted.
On a graph the ordered pairs are at specific locations, so the graph is not connected, but only points
Some examples of discrete data include,
Dogs
People
Tickets you have for a show.
Continuous data is data that falls on a continuum.
On a graph it is all of the points, and the points in between.
It is data that can be measured as finely as possible.
It is often a physical measure.
Discreet data will often will contain fractions or decimals.
Some examples of continuous data include,
Time
Age
Height
Weight
Let's look at two examples and see the differences between these types of data.
Family Members
Discrete 5 family members
Continuous: Range between 5 feet and 6 feet tall
Books, books on your book shelf.
The discreet data is that you have 6 books on your bookshelf.
Continuous data is that they range in height from 15 to 30 cm in length

Discrete or not?
Number of cows on a farm yes discrete
Age of the cows on the farm continuous

Number of points scored in a game. discrete
Amount of oxygen in the atmosphere continuous
Temperature is continuous data
Number text messages sent today discrete

You may also enjoy..
Discrete and Continuous Data
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBKw0XllrKc

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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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Learn about 1st class levers,2nd class levers, and 3rd class levers.
Levers are simple machines that are found in many tools you use at work and at home.
A first-class lever has the fulcrum in the middle and the load and effort on each side of the fulcrum.
2nd class levers have the fulcrum on one end and the load in between the fulcrum and the force.
A third class lever has the force in between the fulcrum and the load.
**** After listening to feedback from the comments the way I had the arrows it is confusing. I had the arrow on the load in the direction that it is acting on the load. This seems confusing. Also, I have a typo at the hammer and label it a 2nd class lever. I describe it as a 3rd class but label it a 2nd class. Sorry for the mistake.
As a result I created a new video, and added a nice mnemonic device to help memorize the different types.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzljPiPy9nw