Grasslands are a large area of the earth that have lots of grass and very few trees. The grassland biome is found in South Africa, North America, Hungary, Argentina Uruguay, and Russia.

Temperate grasslands have hot summers and cold wintersTemperate grasslands can be further subdivided. Prairies are grasslands with tall grasses while steppes are grasslands with short grasses.
Steppes receive less rainfall than prairies and receive only 10 to 20 inches rainfall a year. dry areas of grassland with hot summers and cold winters.

MooMooMath and Science upload a new math or science video every day. We have over 1400 math and science videos to help in school and life.
https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UCE_WiQFez8FZcICpb

Check out another grassland called the savanna
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nKnV_7QzpNo

Introduction to Biomes
https://youtu.be/cXo9YczQBo4

Protozoan -Animal-like protists
In this video, I explore three types of protozoans
Ciliates, sarcodines, and flagellates
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

In this video, I describe the 6 types of synovial joints found in the human body.
A synovial joint is a location where two bones meet that have cartilage at the ends, are attached by ligaments, and have a space filled with synovial fluid.
In this video, I cover 6 synovial joints.

Video Guide
00:00 Introduction to synovial joints
0:39 Ball and socket joint
0:54 Condyland joint
1:12 Planar joint
1:32 Saddle joint
1:42 Hinge joint
1:56 Pivot joint

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/01/6-types-of-j

Element vs Compound
An element is a pure substance. In other words, an element cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by physical or chemical means.An element is made up of only one type of atom. An atom consists of a proton, neutron, and an electron. Some common examples of an element would be carbon, oxygen, or iron. The elements are arranged in the periodic table based on their number of protons. For example, sodium has 11 protons, potassium has 19
The number of protons of elements always stays the same.
Each element also has its own unique set of properties.

A compound is a pure substance of two or more elements chemically combined. Elements combine during a chemical change. A particle of a compound is called a molecule.
When the elements combine chemically a new substance is created.
The compound has different properties than the elements that make it
Hydrogen and oxygen are gases but they combine to make liquid water.
Here are some items that combine to make compounds
Table salt is sodium and chlorine
Glucose is made of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen
When elements create a compound they always join in a specific ratio
The ratio of water is hydrogen to oxygen is 2 to 1
If a compound has a different ratio of hydrogen to oxygen then it is not water
Glucose a type of sugar has a ratio of c6 h12 o6 which is 6 carbons 12 hydrogens and 6 oxygens
Glucose will always have this same ratio
Compounds are all around you
In the food you eat, the school supplies you use, your clothes and even you

Digestive Enzymes are vital for our digestion. In this video, I cover these important proteins and where they are found in our digestive tract.
Digestion starts in the mouth where salivary glands start secreting enzymes. From the mouth, enzymes are added in the stomach, by your pancreas, and your small intestines.
Enzymes mentioned in this video
Lipase, Pepsin, Erepsin ,Maltase, Lactase,Sucrase
trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase, nucleases, and amylase.

Digestive system crossword puzzle
http://www.moomoomath.com/dige....stive-enzymes-crossw

A Coulomb is the SI unit for charge. It is equal to 6.24 x 10 to the 18th power.
Electric power is voltage times current. Voltage is equal to Joule/Coulomb and an ampere is equal to a Coulomb/Second. Let's take a look at what this SI unit for charge.
A Coulomb is also equal to 1 ampere ( the si unit for current) times 1 second
1C = 1A x 1s
In other words, if the current in a circuit is 1 ampere then 1 Coulomb passes a point each second.
1A = 1C/s
More Information on a Coulomb
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/02/what-is-coul

In this video, I describe the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in clear and simple terms. My goal is to help you understand the difference between the different types of cells.
All living things are made of cells but they may be different.
First, cells can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells can be classified as bacteria or archaea.
Eukaryotic cells can be classified as plant or animal cells.

You may also enjoy my other video on Osmosis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRl_QBUVwaA

In this video, I would like to show some examples of diffusion.
Diffusion is when objects move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Check out this example, of diffusion.
You can another simple example of diffusion when you watch the food coloring diffuse into the water.
If you take an egg and soak it in vinegar and then place it in water, the water will diffuse into the egg causing it to get larger.
If you place sugar into coffee it will diffuse out into the coffee.
Watering plants diffuses the water into the plants
When you go into Starbucks and smell the coffee smell the smell of the coffee has diffused through out the coffee shop.
You can soak a gummy bear in water and the water will diffuse into the gummy bear. and it will get larger.
Those are several examples of diffusion.
When objects move from high concentration to low concentration.
Thanks for watching and MooMooMath and Science uploads a new Math and Science video everyday.

Additional Resources on Diffusion
Diffusion
https://www.biologycorner.com/....bio1/notes_diffusion

Diffusion BrainPop
https://www.brainpop.com/scien....ce/cellularlifeandge

Skittles Diffusion
https://www.brainpop.com/scien....ce/cellularlifeandge
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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

What is the relationship between work and power?
For more information on work see the following.
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/01/what-is-work

Learn to calculate average velocity. Velocity is a vector because it measures magnitude and direction.
The formula for average velocity equals
velocity = displacement divided by change in time
In this video, I solve two basic average velocity problems.

Learn how to convert a mixed number, which is also called a mixed fraction, to an improper fraction. A mixed number has a whole number plus a fraction.
The denominator of the improper fraction is the same denominator of the mixed fraction.
You have a whole number part and a fractional part.
The denominator of the fraction tells you how many parts each whole number is worth.
The mixed number 2 and ⅔ each whole number is worth 3
Therefore, with 2 and ⅔ you have 3 times 2 which equal 6 parts plus you have 2 in the numerator so it becomes 6 plus 2 which equals 8 and you always keep the same denominator of the fraction so the improper fraction equals 8/3

Video Guide
00:00 Introduction What is a mixed number
00:18 Convert 2 2/3 to ImproperFraction
00:51 Convert 3 3/4 to Improper Fraction
01:25 Convert 5 3/4 to ImproperFraction
02:41 Convert 6 1/2 to Improper Fraction

Quantitative Data vs Qualitative Data

Additional Information on Qualitative vs Quantitative Data
https://moomoomath.com/qualita....tive-vs-quantitative

Data can be divided into two groups called quantitative and qualitative data
Quantitative data is numerical
Qualitative Data id descriptive data
Let’s look at examples of both
Examples of quantitative data would be
The number of pets, time of day, the temperature outside
Quantitative data can be graphed
If you count or measure, you are collecting quantitative data
There are two types of quantitative data, discrete and continuous
Discrete data is usually data you can count and continuous data is usually data you measure. I have a separate video on these two types of data.
Qualitative is descriptive or observations and uses words
For example, the color of a house, smell of a sock, texture of a shirt
Quantitative or Qualitative
Consider a cat
Quantitative Data would be the cat has 4 legs and weighs 10 pounds
Qualitative data would be the cat is yellow, and has soft fur
A bookshelf
Quantitative would be you have 50 books and is 150 centimeters tall.
Qualitative data would be it is multi-color and has a smooth texture

You may also enjoy..
Qualitative and Quantitative Data
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2X-QSU6-hPU

Quantitative Qualitative Song
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-S2EiPD4-W0

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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-

Kingdom of Protista
In this video, I review the kingdom Protista
A protist is a eukaryote that is not an animal, plant or fungi.
The kingdom protista is called the junk drawer kingdom because if a eukaryotic organism is not placed in the other kingdoms it is considered a protist.
There are three main types of protists, plantlike,animal-like and funguslike.
Some common examples of protists include amoeba , paramecium, kelp,algae,diatoms, euglena, and dinoflagellates.
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

**** Sorry I made a mistake at 00:49 I incorrectly label and describe the thigh adductors as hip abductors. The thigh adductors pull the legs together when they contract.*******

I cover many of the major muscles of the human body.
The Pectoralis major: is a thick, fan-shaped muscle, situated at the chest of the human body.
The Bicep is a large muscle that lies on the front of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. Its main function is to flexes and twists the forearm.

The abdominal muscles support the trunk, allow movement and hold organs in place

The sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the human body. It is a long, thin, superficial muscle that runs down the length of the thigh This muscle helps you cross your legs

The abductor muscle group is located on the lateral side of the thigh and moves the thigh away from the body’s midline.

The trapezius muscle resembles a trapezoid or diamond-shaped quadrilateral
It helps support the weight of the arm and move the shoulder

The Deltoid forms the rounded contour of the human shoulder. It is a prime mover of arm

The latissimus dorsi is the largest muscle in the upper body.It is responsible for extension, adduction, internal rotation of the shoulder. This muscle helps you do pull ups at the gym.

The serratus anterior is a muscle that originates on the surface of the 1st to 8th ribs at the side of the chest. It acts to pull the scapula forward around the thorax.

External oblique The external oblique functions to pull the chest downwards and compress the abdominal cavity, It also performs (same side) side-bending and (opposite side) rotation

The brachioradialis is a muscle of the forearm that flexes the forearm at the elbow. For example, using a hammer.

Finger extensions include 9 extensor muscles found in the posterior side of the forearm and extend the hand and fingers.

Finger flexors help you close your hand

Quadriceps is a large muscle group that includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. These muscles are the great extensor muscle of the knee

Hamstrings a hamstring is one of the three posterior thigh muscles in between the hip and the knee The hamstrings cross and act upon two joints – the hip and the knee

The gastrocnemius forms half of the calf muscle. Its function is flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint.

Tibialis anterior It is responsible for flexing the foot backward and inverting the foot.

The soleus is a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg aka (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking.

The infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle It is one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, it’s main function is to rotate the humerus and stabilize the shoulder joint.

The teres major helps rotate the humerus and assists the latissimus dorsi in drawing the previously raised humerus downwards and backward.

Triceps is a large muscle on the back of the upper arm It is responsible for straightening the arm.

The gluteus medius is a muscle that helps with hip movement

When you walk and run it aids in stabilizing your pelvis, in particular when you perform activities where you balance on a single leg.

Gluteus maximus is the main extensor muscle of the hip You use the gluteus maximus when you stand up from a chair, sprint, run, and go up steps.

Correction:
0:49 Sorry I made a mistake. The muscles in dark blue, labeled as “abductors”, are in fact the “Adductor” group. They are the muscles that draw your legs toward the midline and assist with medial rotation also known as crossing your legs.

The deciduous forest biome is known for having four seasons and trees that drop their leaves in the winter.
This biome is located in the eastern half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and Japan.
The deciduous forest has moderate winters and warm summers. It receives around 50 inches of rain a year. This rainfall allows trees like oak, maple, and beech trees to grow in this forest.
You will find bear,fox, and deer in this biome

Parts of the Brain-Middle School Science

25 Facts about the lobes of the brain
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2017/12/25-facts-abo

Cerebrum Top part of the brain and the cerebrum is separated into four lobes.
Temporal,parietal,occipital, and the frontal

Cerebellum also called the little brain
Controls coordination, balance, and helps us talk and walk

Temporal Lobe Helps us process sounds, in other words, helps us hear. Also helps some with balance.

Parietal Lobe It is called the “association lobe” It communicates with other lobes.The parietal lobe is where information such as taste, temperature, and touch are integrated, or processed.

Occipital lobe This lobe is responsible for processing your vision

Frontal lobe Is responsible for executive function. This includes memory, impulse control, your emotions, planning, and organization.

The brain stem controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions such as breathing,, heart rate, and blood pressure,

Updated Version
Parts of the Brain
https://youtu.be/PKggtq1FSGI

You may also enjoy...
Left brain/Right Brain
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j2pHD50u9MQ
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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

You may enjoy " Activities to Improve Your Brain
https://youtu.be/4z1LMRjajaI

Waves transfer energy without transporting matter. Waves are formed from vibrations and many travels through a medium. Light and radio waves do not need a medium.
Mechanical waves need a medium to pass through and I focus on two types, transverse waves, and longitudinal waves which are also called compressional waves.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/08/wave-basics.

The stomach is a major site of digestion. In order to digest food the stomach contains acid. This acid can be almost as strong as battery acid. The stomach also has mucus that protects the stomach from the strong acid.

Playlist and summary of all Science Facts
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2023/02/science-fact

X linked chromosomes explained,Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. One pair determine the gender of the child.A female will have xx chromosomes and males will have an x and a y chromosome
The x and y chromosomes not only carry the genes that determine male and female traits but also some other characteristics as well.
Since only men inherit Y chromosomes, they are the only ones to inherit Y-linked traits. The y chromosome carries around 200 genes.
There are about 1,100 human X-linked genes.
Most of them code for something other than female anatomical traits. Some X-linked genes are responsible for abnormal conditions such as hemophilia, red-green color blindness,
and "male pattern baldness".

How is this city like a cell?
They both need to store water and other materials.
Welcome to MooMooMath and Science and organelles and in this video, I will cover the main functions of a vacuole.
Vacuoles store water and waste and other materials in eukaryotic cells. Remember these are cells with membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.

Vacuoles are storage sacks in plants and animal cells protists but they are not found in
bacterial cells in addition to storing water, vacuoles also store enzymes, waste, and even old damaged organelles.

You may also enjoy
Mitochondria
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWsjm2a-usk