In this video, I use diffusion cubes to show why cells are so small. A small cell with a large surface area to volume ratio can efficiently move materials into the cell.

Diffusion is a type of passive transport that cells use in order to move materials like oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the cell.
A cell with a larger surface area to volume ratio is more efficient a moving material than a cell with a smaller ratio.

Here is my recipe for the diffusion blocks
gelatin
Ammonia
Phenolphthalein
If you soak the diffusion cubes in vinegar then the phenolphthalein will turn pink when it comes in contact with the vinegar which allows you to see the rate of diffusion.

The ocean has many currents underneath the surface. One way these currents are created is by the difference in temperature of the water. Cold water is denser than warm or hot water and will flow underneath the warmer water.
This circulation of the ocean caused by changes in temperature is called Thermohaline circulation (THC)

Thermohaline circulation results as a result of differences in the density of the different temperatures of the water. These differences result in ocean stratification.


In this video, I use a container that is divided into two chambers to show how water flows.

Here are keywords you can use to order a similar container

Ward's® Exploring Convection Currents Lab Activity

Ocean Stratification Experiment

Learn how to find the circumference of a circle along with the formula for radius and what diameter is.
You can use pi times diameter or 2pi radius squared

Why do we have sunny weather one day and heavy rain the next? Large air masses cause some of our weather. There are four main fronts caused by these air masses.
A cold front which is the result of cold air
A warm front which is caused by warm air rising over cold air.
An occluded front which is a warm air mass stuck between two air masses.
A stationary front which is two air masses with almost the same density and pushes against each other.

Solve percent word problems. These word problems can be solved using part over whole equal percent over 100.
Example problems include,
Martin was given 10 math problems and has answered 7 of the questions. What percent of the problems does he have left?

The Braves won 60% of the 150 games they played. How many games did they win?

There are 32 students in Mr. B’s class. 28 students were present. What percent of Mr. B’s students were present?

Learn how to find the area of a composite figure that has triangle shapes

Seahorses are really cool fish. They have a head that looks like a horse, a tail that wraps around objects and armour. Another really interesting fact is that the male gives birth.

Learn how to find the square root of 64. I like to use a factor tree in order to find all of the prime factors. Then you can pull out pairs of numbers and multiply them together.

Hurricanes also called tropical cyclones are amazing, powerful storms that can bring destruction and misery to an area hit by the hurricane. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that 1.2 million Americans live in coastal areas at risk of “substantial damage” from hurricanes
In this video I will look at the causes these tremendous storms?
In the northern hemisphere most hurricanes will begin to form around the equator off the coast of west africa.
The official hurricane season is between June 1 and November 3o
Why do hurricanes occur during this time period.?
The reason is that hurricanes need the ocean surface temperature to be at least 79-degree Fahrenheit.
In addition, you need high pressure above the hurricane and low wind shear.
Between June and November both of these conditions are meet often
Hurricanes are like giant engines that use warm, moist air as fuel. That is why they form over warm ocean waters near the equator. The warm, moist air over the ocean rises upward from near the surface. As the warm air rises a low-pressure system is created.
Air from surrounding areas with higher air pressure pushes into the low-pressure area. Then that "new" air becomes warm and moist and rises, too. As the warmed, moist air rises and cools off, the water in the air forms clouds. The whole system of clouds and wind spins and grows, fed by the ocean's heat and water evaporating from the surface
Tradewinds which blow across the equator help push the storm along.
The hurricane will rotate in an in a counterclockwise fashion in the north due to the Coriolis effect.
The Coriolis effect is caused by the earth's rotation and curves air in the northern hemisphere to the right.
The hurricane will continue to move across the ocean and pick up strength if the water temperature remains above 79 degrees, high pressure remains above the storm, and there is moisture to fuel the storm.
Hurricane strength is measured by wind speed and barometric pressure.
The minimum wind speed to be classified as a hurricane is 74 degrees and category 5 hurricanes have a wind speed greater than 157 miles per hour.
As a general guideline, September is the peak month for hurricanes because of the warm surface temperatures during this month.

Learn what the square root of 5 is, plus how to simplify the square root and the decimal value. I also review how to estimate the square root of 5. I like to use a factor tree when simplifying a radical.

The path of food through the digestive system.
Digestion starts at the mouth, travels down the esophagus, enters the stomach, passes through the small intestine, and then the colon. Along the way fats are broken down, sugars are converted, and important nutrients are absorbed by villi and transported by capillaries.

00:00 Introduction to the digestive system
00:30 Digestion begins in the mouth
1:07 Food travels to the stomach
1:31 Enzymes and Bile are added at the small intestine
2:39 Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine
2:59 Finally water and fats are absorbed at the large intestine

Saprotroph and detrivore are important decomposers that help recycle organic matter.
Saprotrophs include bacteria and fungi. These biotic factors release enzymes that break down the detritus.
Detritivores must ingest the decaying matter before decomposing it.
Both of these decomposers help recycle nutrients in an ecosystem.