A conductor allows electrons to move freely and an insulator blocks their movement. In this video, I test several different objects to see if they are insulators or conductors.
For example, is a pickle a conductor or an insulator?
I answer these questions by hooking up an electrical current.
Is copper a conductor?
Is wood an insulator?
Plastic Conductor or insulator?
Aluminum Insulator or not?

An atom is composed of a dense core called the nucleus containing protons and neutrons and a series of outer shells occupied by orbiting electrons
An electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that the electrons follow. The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell" also called "K shell", followed by the "2 shells" "L shell"), then the "3 shells" (or "M shell"), and so on.

A valence electron is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and the formation of a chemical bond
Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: For the first 18 elements, the valence electrons follow these rules. The first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight electrons, the third shell can hold up to 8 The transition metals vary from these guidelines.
You can use the periodic table for the groups 1,2,13,14,15,16,17,18 in order to find the number of valence electrons in the outer shell with the exception of helium. For example, all elements in group two have 2 electrons in the outer shell.
Elements in the same period have the same number of energy shells. Period 2 will have two energy shells.
So let’s go through the elements
Up first is period 1 Element 1 is Hydrogen in group 1 and contains one energy shell and 1 electron
Element 2 Helium period 1 group 18 and is the one exception because it has 2 valence electrons in the outer shell

Now period 2 which each have 2 energy shells.
Lithium found in group 1 has 2 electrons in k shell and 1 valence electron in L
Beryllium is found in group 2 and has 2 electrons in k shell and 2 valence electrons in L
Boron Is found in group 13 and has 2 electrons in k and 3 valence electrons in L
Carbon Is found in group 14 and has 2 electrons in k and 4 valence electrons in L
Nitrogen Is found in group 15 and has 2 electrons in k and 5 valence electrons in L
Oxygen Is found in group 16 and has 2 electrons in k and 6 valence electrons in L
Fluorine Is found in group 17 and has 2 electrons in k and 7 valence electrons in L
Neon Is found in group 18 and has 2 electrons in k and 8 valence electrons in L
Now let’s move on to period 3 with 3 electron shells
Sodium Is found in group 1 and has 2 electrons in k and 8 electrons in L and 1 valence electron in m
Magnesium Is found in group 2 and has 2 electrons in k and 8 electrons in L and 2 valence electrons in m shell.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/01/electron-dis

What makes a trapezoid a trapezoid? A trapezoid has two parallel sides and two nonparallel sides.
A trapezoid is a quadrilateral because it has four sides.
I also cover,
How to find the area of a trapezoid
The median
How to identify a trapezoid
The shape of a trapezoid
Number of sides
Is a trapezoid a parallelogram?

Erosion is the process by which sediment and other materials are moved from one place to another. There are four main agents of erosion, wind, water, ice, and waves.
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil, and rocks are added to a landform or landmass.
Erosion and deposition have taken place throughout Earth’s history and have created a variety of landforms.
What landforms have been created by erosion?
Canyons and valleys
Delta
Alluvial Fan
Sinkholes
Caves
Oxbow lake

You may also enjoy.....
Weathering-Erosion-Deposition
https://youtu.be/fLDjARWZmCA

I cover four types of friction. Static, fluid, kinetic, and rolling.
Static friction in which two surfaces are not moving past each other.
Sliding or Kinetic friction where 2 surfaces slide past one another.
Rolling friction between a rolling object and surface it rolls on.
Fluid friction is friction that occurs when objects move across or through a fluid.

Related Link
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/08/types-of-fri

Balancing Chemical Equations the easy way-- Learn how to balance basic chemical equations.
The easy method for balancing equatons is to draw a line from the arrow,
Next list the elements involved in starting with the metals and then non-metals, then oxygen, then hydrogen.
Now, start balancing the metals first and work down the list of elements.
Another helpful hint, if you just can't seem to balance the equation, stop and double check the number of atoms you counted at the beginning and start over from the metals.

Counting Atoms
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVcJqund5u8

Types of Human Body Tissue
In this video, I review four types of tissue.
Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue.
Tissues are made up of cells working together.
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

Types of Tissue
https://moomoomath.com/types-of-human-body-tissue/

How are plant cells and animal cells similar and different? There is a great variety and plants and animals found on earth. If you look at a plant cell and an animal cell you will see they have similarities and difference.
Let’s first focus on how they are similar.
They are both considered eukaryotic cells because they both contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
They have many of the same organelles, they both contain a rough and smooth er
Golgi body, mitochondria they both have ribosomes which create proteins. Technically ribosomes are not organelles because they are not membrane bound
In addition, animal and plant cells contain a cytoskeleton and cytoplasm,
Both plant and animal cells contain a cell membrane.
Next, let's focus on some of the differences.
A plant cell has a cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid outer covering of a plant cell that provides structure and protection.
Animal cells do not have a cell wall.
A plant cell has chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are the location of photosynthesis which allows the plant to convert sunlight into sugar The mitochondria found in the plant cell then uses this sugar to create energy.
Plants have a large central vacuole compared to an animal cell that contains smaller vacuoles.
Plants cells do not have lysosomes and animal cells do have lysosomes.
Lysosomes help animals break down large molecules, old cell parts and sometimes large macromolecules that get past the cell membrane. The cell wall of a plant keep these large molecules out and plant cells have lytic vacuoles that perform a similar function of the lysosomes in animals.
Plant cells contain plastids and animals do not have plastids.
The plastids of plants take several forms. The following is a picture of several of the different plastids found in a plant.
Plants do not have centrosomes and animals do. Centrosomes are the microtubule organizing and construction center and help spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes during mitosis
So there you go Some of the similarities and difference of a plant and animal cell.

Newton's third law of motion is all around us. In this video, I show real-world examples of the 3rd law of motion.
Why is Newton's third law of motion important?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
For example, when you skateboard and push backward, the opposite reaction is to drive the skateboard forward.
A jet moves forward when the exhaust moves backward. Another example of an opposite reaction to a force.
Other examples include paddling a boat, jellyfish, basketball, and a trampoline.
By watching these examples it will give you a better understanding of how motion works.

Voluntary and Involuntary muscles
Our muscular system allows us to move inside and outside.
Humans have an amazing range of movement.

There are two major types of muscular movement.
Voluntary and involuntary

Let’s look at the typing to help understand the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles.

When we control the muscles in the hands and arms and tell the muscles which keys to press, these movements would be considered voluntary
At the same time, cardiac muscles of the heart, and muscles that help you breathe are working automatically to keep you alive..
These muscle movements are involuntary.

The motor cortex is the region of the cerebral cortex involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements.
Your brain sends signals down the central nervous system and then the peripheral nervous system to stimulate muscle movement.

Involuntary muscles run automatically. There are two major types.
Our smooth muscles and our cardiac or heart muscle.

Involuntary muscles are controlled in the medulla oblongata which is located in the brainstem,
This portion of the brain controls involuntary movements such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, and more.
In summary, muscles we can control are voluntary
and our automatic muscles are involuntary muscles.

Learn how to solve 60% of 40 and other percent problems. I solve the following percent of problems.
20% of 60
20% of 40
15% of 40
15% of 60

Let's go through the different levels of Biological organization. I start at the organism and finish at the Biosphere. However, the smallest level of life is a cell. Cells can combine to make tissues, which may combine to make an organ, and a group of organs may make an organ system.

An organism refers to a living thing that has an organized structure, can react to stimuli, reproduce, requires energy plus grows and adapts
Examples include animals, plants, fungi, protists, and many, many more.

Whenever you get a group of the same type of individuals together, like this group of Penguins or these wolves, and horses, or plants you have a population. The organisms are all of the same species.

If you have several different populations living together you have a community.
A community does not include the non-living factors also called abiotic factors.

An ecosystem is a community of living factors called biotic factors and non-living factors called abiotic factors interacting and living together.
A desert can be an ecosystem.
A forest can be an ecosystem.
A pond is an ecosystem,and even a rotting log can even be an ecosystem.
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living objects living together in a particular area.

A Biome is a large ecosystem that has formed in response to the physical environment[1] in which they are found and a shared regional climate. Examples include a desert, tropical rainforest, and a deciduous forest.
The Biosphere is part of the earth where life exists. It is the sum of all the ecosystems on Earth.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2023/03/levels-of-bi

Learn how to factor expression in Algebra.
First, find the greatest common factor.
Check your answer using the distributive property
Example problem 10n + 15
8y-12y


For more Math help visit our website
http://www.moomoomath.com/

The Golgi body is vital for the health of a cell. It is sometimes described as a post office, or a distribution center because it repackages proteins and chemicals and ships them to locations in the cell.
The Golgi body which is also called the Golgi apparatus is found in eukaryotic cells.
The Golgi body receives proteins from the rough er and repackages the proteins and chemicals into vesicles that are sent out to three locations. Some vesicles become lysosomes, others travel to the cell membrane and provide proteins for the membrane, and other vesicles travel outside the cell-like vesicles containing insulin so it can be released into the bloodstream.

A scientific name uses a two part naming system called binomial nomenclature.
The first part on the name describes the genus the organism belongs to, and the second part is the species.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2021/05/all-about-sc

Learn how to combine like terms in Algebra
For more Math help visit our website
http://www.moomoomath.com/

Friction is the force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are in contact. There are at least four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid friction. Static, sliding and rolling friction occur between solid surfaces. Fluid friction occurs in liquids and gases

Static friction occurs when an object is resting on a surface. The static friction between the boots and the snow allows this person to stand and shovel snow.
When you rub your hands together you experience sliding friction.
When you ride a bike you depend on the rolling friction of the tires.
Sky diving depends on fluid friction between the air and the parachute to slow down.

In this video, I cover many real-life examples of friction and how friction helps you in everyday life.

Vertical Angles Explained
Vertical angles in Geometry occur when two lines cross one another. The lines share a common vertex and are opposite each other.
Vertical angles are congruent which means the angle measure is equal. In addition two pairs of vertical angles are created when the lines cross.

6 kingdoms of classification in 3 minutesThe 6 kingdoms are
Animal
Plant
Fungi
Protist
Eubacteria
Archaea

The Animalia kingdom is an extremely diverse group of individuals
Some animals are giant, like the blue whale, whereas others are tiny, like an ant Some have complex nervous systems and are very intelligent, whereas others are simpler, like the sponge.
Some common traits
Animals are heterotrophs, which means they eat other organisms for food.
Animals are multicellular, meaning they are made up of more than one cell.
Animal cells are eukaryotic, animal cells contain membrane-bound organelles, or tiny organs, which help the cell undergo certain processes it needs to function.

In addition, animals use the protein collagen to attach cell tissue together.
Finally, animal cells are diploid, meaning each cell has a two pair of chromosomes. One pair is is usually from mom and one from dad
Plantae kingdom contains large trees and flowers. Let’s see what they have in common.
First plants are autotrophs. This means they can get their food from the sun.
Next, they are eukaryotes and contain a cell wall and plants are multicellular

Fungi range from mushrooms to yeast
Some mushrooms are multicellular and others a unicellular
Fungi are eukaryotes and contain a cell wall
Fungi are also heterotrophs
Some fungi are decomposers while others are parasites

Protista
Kingdom Protista has been called the junk drawer kingdom. Protist range from single-cell organisms like euglena to multicellular kelp Some are plant-like, others animal-like, some fungi like
As the catchall kingdom for eukaryotic organisms if it is a not animal, plant, or fungi it is thrown in the protist kingdom it is not surprising that very few characteristics are common to all protists.
Some protists are heterotrophs but others are autotrophs.
Most protists are found in moist environments

Eubacteria single cells prokaryotes which mean they don’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
Have a cell wall, some move with a flagella
Eubacteria help digest food, make us sick, or help make yogurt

Archaea are prokaryotes like bacteria but are structurally different many handle extremes
Extreme temperatures, extreme salty conditions, or little or no oxygen

0:00 Introduction
0:04 6 Kingdoms of Classification
1:35 Fungi
2:23 Protist

This may be helpful
https://moomoomath.com/basic-t....axonomy-6-kingdoms-o

Learn how to compare prices using unit rates. A unit rate tells you the cost of one. In order to compare different products, you can set up a unit rate. For example, which is the best buy, 9 can for 10 dollars or 15 cans for 13 dollars. You can create an equivalent fraction by dividing the numerator and denominator by the original denominator.

Definition Unit Rate Short
https://youtube.com/shorts/HMGl28vc7ew