What is the pH scale? The letters pH stand for the potential of hydrogen and is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a water-based substance?
pH is organized into a scale of acids and bases with neutral. substances right in the middle
The range goes from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base.
pH is also organized by color. Red usually indicates an acid and blue usually represents a base.
In the video, I cover many pH examples including examples of acids you find around you and examples of bases.

Learn how a Universe is different than a Galaxy which is different than a Solar System
A solar system consists of the objects like planets that revolve around the sun. In also includes small objects like comets and asteroids.
A galaxy is a huge collection of stars that are help together by gravity.
Galaxies contain a huge amount of stars.
The Universe is everything that exists.

Video and some pictures of the Universe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universe

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/09/solar-system
Top 7 videos " Scale of the Universe"
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/10/top-7-videos

Invertebrates make up 97 percent of all animals. In this video, I show a large amount of diversity that invertebrates contain. Invertebrates are animals without an internal skeleton. They can be soft like worms, have a shell like a snail, or have an exoskeleton like insects and spiders.

0:00 Introduction
0:13 Invertebrates
0:50 Starfish
1:17 Porifera
1:31 Annelida
1:45 Arthropods
2:15 Echnoderms
2:34 Cnidarians

What is the Carbon cycle? The carbon cycle is one of several biogeochemical cycles found on Earth. Carbon is found in almost all living organisms and makes up around .04 percent of our atmosphere.
What are the steps of the carbon cycle and how does the Carbon cycle work?
Carbon may travel several paths including,
The atmosphere, the terrestrial biosphere, the earth’s interior which includes the lithosphere, the ocean, and human influence like burning fossil fuels and other objects that store carbon.
In the video, I go through a carbon cycle diagram and explain each step.
Carbon can be found in several forms including carbon dioxide and methane.
The carbon cycle is essential for many ecosystems on Earth.

The Carbon Cycle
https://moomoomath.com/explain-the-carbon-cycle/

Biogeochemical Cycles - How the Earth Recycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

The Earth spins or rotates about an imaginary line that passes through the North and South Poles of the planet. This line is called the axis of rotation

It takes the Earth 23 hours and 56 minutes to complete one compete for rotation.
We round this to 24 hours which we call 1 day

The Earth rotates from west to east which counterclockwise. As the Earth rotates, different locations on Earth pass through the sun's light.
As a result, the sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west

As the Earth rotates the side of the Earth-facing the sun experiences day time and the side facing away from the sun experiences night time.
So the earth’s rotation is responsible for us experiencing day and night
The Earth’s revolution is the period of time it takes the Earth to go around the sun.
It takes two objects in order for a revolution to occur

The Earth revolves around the sun
It takes the earth 364 .25 days to revolve around the sun
We round this to 365 days 12 months or 1 year

The Earth travels in a counterclockwise direction

Foucault pendulum video
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....File:Foucault_pendul

Learn the difference between a solvent and a solute. A solute plus a solvent equal a solution. The solute is the object that is dissolved and the solvent is the object that dissolves.
In this video, I provide several examples such as coffee and sugar.
The solvent is the water and the solute is the soluble parts of coffee, sugar, and cream.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2019/02/solvent-solu

When the earth or moon fall between the sun and one another shadows are created. In this video, I demonstrate what an umbra, penumbra and an umbra look like.
The umbra is the darkest portion of a shadow.
The prenumbra is the lighter edges of a shadow.
The antumbra is the shadow created at the end of the umbra

MooMooMath and Science upload a new math and science video everyday.

Describe Nitrogen Cycle-Nitrogen cycle in simple terms

We can not just breathe in nitrogen and use it in our body like oxygen.
Instead, we must get our nitrogen from the food we eat.
Fortunately, we have bacteria that help recycle this nitrogen and put the nitrogen into a form we can use and ensures we won't run out of nitrogen.
Key Terms: Denitrification, nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrite, nitrate

Nitrogen Cycle
http://www.moomoomath.com/nitrogen-cycle.html

Nitrogen Cycle ,Nitrogen Fixation - Explanation in animation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZaFVfHftzpI&t=146s

Biogeochemical Cycles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bn41lXKyVWQ

Biogeochemical Cycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

For more Life Science videos
https://moomoomath.com/category/science-videos/

In this video you will learn how a histogram is different than a bar chart.
Welcome to MooMooMath where we upload a new Math video everyday
In this video I would like to talk about the difference between a histogram and a bar graph.
A histogram and a bar chart both ways to graph data.
Both have an x and y axis, and both use a bar to display the data.
With a histogram the categories are numerical.
For example, notice on this histogram the x axis is the age of people in the room. The ages are grouped in a numerical range.
In this next example, the histogram is graphing the score on a test and the number of people who scored in each range.
Also, the bars of a histogram touch
A bar graph uses categories such as types of movies, color of eyes, and the bars do not touch
For example, in this bar graph the categories are grade level and the number of students in each grade level.
Notice that the bars do not touch
In another example, the categories are types of videos and the number of videos in each type.
Again, the bars do not touch
In summary, histograms have bars that touch and use quantities.
A bar graph have bars that don't touch and use categorical data.

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Quantitative data can be divided into two types, discrete and continuous data.In this video you will learn the differences between discrete and continuous data.

Transcript
Welcome to MooMooMath where we upload a new Math video everyday.
In this video I would like to talk about two types of quantitative data.
Discrete and Continuous
Discrete data is data that has distinguishable spaces between values.
Often it is data that is counted.
On a graph the ordered pairs are at specific locations, so the graph is not connected, but only points
Some examples of discrete data include,
Dogs
People
Tickets you have for a show.
Continuous data is data that falls on a continuum.
On a graph it is all of the points, and the points in between.
It is data that can be measured as finely as possible.
It is often a physical measure.
Discreet data will often will contain fractions or decimals.
Some examples of continuous data include,
Time
Age
Height
Weight
Let's look at two examples and see the differences between these types of data.
Family Members
Discrete 5 family members
Continuous: Range between 5 feet and 6 feet tall
Books, books on your book shelf.
The discreet data is that you have 6 books on your bookshelf.
Continuous data is that they range in height from 15 to 30 cm in length

Discrete or not?
Number of cows on a farm yes discrete
Age of the cows on the farm continuous

Number of points scored in a game. discrete
Amount of oxygen in the atmosphere continuous
Temperature is continuous data
Number text messages sent today discrete

You may also enjoy..
Discrete and Continuous Data
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBKw0XllrKc

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Learn about 1st class levers,2nd class levers, and 3rd class levers.
Levers are simple machines that are found in many tools you use at work and at home.
A first-class lever has the fulcrum in the middle and the load and effort on each side of the fulcrum.
2nd class levers have the fulcrum on one end and the load in between the fulcrum and the force.
A third class lever has the force in between the fulcrum and the load.
**** After listening to feedback from the comments the way I had the arrows it is confusing. I had the arrow on the load in the direction that it is acting on the load. This seems confusing. Also, I have a typo at the hammer and label it a 2nd class lever. I describe it as a 3rd class but label it a 2nd class. Sorry for the mistake.
As a result I created a new video, and added a nice mnemonic device to help memorize the different types.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzljPiPy9nw

The Earth can be divided into four hemispheres. The Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western
I also cover the names of the 7 continents.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/11/the-four-hem

Rotation and Revolution of the Earth
https://youtu.be/-iztiJz7SJQ

Layers of the Earth
https://youtu.be/bJV5KHbghcQ

Functions of the pancreas
The pancreas is an important organ located in the abdominal area.
It has many jobs, two of which involve digestion and regulating our blood sugar levels.

Keywords:
How does pancreas help digestion?
How does pancreas regulate blood sugar levels?
Insulin levels
Endocrine system
Pancreas function in digestion.
Pancreas function and location

Additional pancreas resources,

The role and anatomy of the pancreas
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ4zcrTzUjA

Insulin and Glucagon overview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1c6a0BNsyek

Pancreas Facts
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1c6a0BNsyek

Definition Pancreas
http://kidshealth.org/en/parents/pancreas.html

How many dwarf planets are there in 2020?
According to the International Astronomical Union IAU for short, there are currently five planets classified and accepted as dwarf planets: Ceres, Pluto, Makemake, Haumea, and Eris.
These dwarf planets are much smaller than the Earth
Here is pluto compared to the Earth
Except for Seres, which is found in the main asteroid belt, these dwarf planets are located beyond Neptune in the Kuiper Belt.
For several years these celestial bodies were called plutinos because Astronomers didn't agree on how to classify them.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/09/meet-5-dwarf

Picture of Eris
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_planet

Facts about the 8 Planets
https://youtu.be/0GL_KF-jOVg

Ecological Succession occurs when an ecosystem has a disturbance and must regrow. Succession is all about change.
There are two main types of succession, primary and secondary.
Primary occurs when an area has been almost destroyed and little life or soil remains.
Pioneer species are the first plants to regrow.
Secondary succession occurs where you have a disturbance but the soil remains.

The endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells is a transportation system inside plant and animal cells.
It consists of the nuclear membrane, rough and smooth ER the Golgi apparatus, and vesicles.
Ribosomes which are protein factories of the cell can be found on the rough er these ribosomes create proteins and then transfer these proteins into the ER where they undergo modifications, such as folding. These modified proteins may be absorbed into the membrane of the Er or packaged into a vesicle that may travel to the Golgi apparatus.

The Mohs scale of hardness explained. How can I determine the hardness or the ability to resist scratching of this mineral?
It is the Mohs scale to the rescue. The Mohs scale has ten minerals that increase in hardness. Talc is a number one and is the softest and diamond is the hardest.
This scale can be used to identify minerals.

Additional information
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/04/the-mohs-sca

ER structure and function

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Scientific names.
Let’s look at the scientific name of several common organisms.
Scientific name of a cat = Felis domesticus
Scientific name human = Homo sapien
Scientific name of a dog = Canis lupus familiaris


What does a scientific name tell us?
The name is a two part name. A fancy word for this is called “ binomial nomenclature.”
The first part of the name is the Genus and the second part is the species domesticus.

Humans belong in the genus Homo and the species sapien.

A cat would belong to the genus Felis, and the species
domesticus.
Plant-based names would follow the same rules when creating a scientific name for plants.

Resources for binomial nomenclature:
What is binomial nomenclature
https://www.reference.com/scie....nce/binomial-nomencl

Binomial nomenclature examples
http://study.com/academy/lesso....n/binomial-nomenclat

Scientific name cat and other animals
http://study.com/academy/lesso....n/binomial-nomenclat

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You may have to wear glasses. How do they work? When you are farsighted ( hyperopia) objects far away are clear but object close appear blurry. This type of problem can be fixed with a convex lens. A concave lens is used to fix the opposite problem created when you are nearsighted.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/09/how-glasses-