FUN! Learn about all about sheep in this animal learning video for kids! See why sheep are one of the most common farm animals in the world, and what makes them so unique!

❤️ Homeschool Pop? Join my team and get tattoos here: http://homeschoolpop.com

Thanks for learning with me today! I hope to see you next video!

Daniel
"Homeschool Pop"

Put on your thinking cap for this 4th of July Trivia video for kids! We test how much you know about Independence Day, but look out, some of these questions are pretty tricky!
If you need any help or are struggling, be sure and watch our 4th of July facts video. We go into more detail there, and then you can come back here and try again!

Thanks for watching this Homeschool Pop video! We hope you enjoyed it and that you will comment and subscribe! Why not? It's free and FUN and then you will be notified when we publish another video!

Thanks again for watching our 4th of July trivia video! You are awesome!!

https://www.patreon.com/homeschoolpop We share some interesting Valentine's Day Facts for kids in this Homeschool Pop video! How many valentines are sent out every year? How many boxes of chocolates are given on Valentine's Day? What is the story behind this interesting holiday? Learn these facts and more in this video!

00:00 Introduction
0:13 How many valentines are sent in a year?
0:52 Where is Valentine's Day celebrated?
0:14 Valentine's candy
1:44 The origins of Valentine's Day


❤️ Homeschool Pop? Join our team and get tattoos here: http://homeschoolpop.com

Thanks for learning with us today! We hope to see you next video!

Homeschool Pop Team

Little Mr. Easter Bunny is Homeschool Pop's new Easter Bunny song! Kids will hear the tale of the Easter Bunny in this song, but this song isn't just for kids, adults might enjoy it too :)

PLEASE NOTE: This is an original song. Homeschool Pop owns the music and the lyrics. A big thank you to Douglas and Ewen, you guys did a great job on this! You guys are awesome!!
We have a longer version of our Little Mr. Easter Bunny song available, you can see the link at the end of the video.

❤️ Homeschool Pop? Join our team and get tattoos here: http://homeschoolpop.com

Thanks for learning with us today! We hope to see you next video!

Homeschool Pop Team

#mathforkindergarten #mathsforpreschool #12345 #1to10 #1to5 #1to20 #numberblocks #countingforkids #1to100

For more, download the official Numberblocks apps;
Meet the Numberblocks - https://onelink.to/spzumk
Numberblocks Card Fun - https://onelink.to/wz9er9
Numberblocks World - https://onelink.to/8fzh7d
Numberblocks Hide and Seek - https://onelink.to/dy7jjp
NB Bedtime Stories - https://onelink.to/3w7nmk

Official website;
https://www.learningblocks.tv/numberblocks/home

As seen on CBeebies! Watch Numberblocks full episodes on BBC iPlayer: https://bbc.in/2ZHvNtl
Subscribe for more Numberblocks: https://goo.gl/rF32S8
Visit the Numberblocks on;
Twitter: @numberblocks
Facebook: facebook.com/numberblocks/
Instagram: @numberblocks

We are the Numberblocks! Little blocks with big ideas, having a ton of number fun. Learn how to add, subtract and count the fun and educational way! In this educational CBeebies cartoon for kids, children can learn how to count with basic maths sums, using addition and subtraction with singular blocks that join together to make increasingly bigger numbers.

#Numberblocks #LearnToCount

It’s time to head back to school with the Numberblocks—and that means singing, counting, and learning together! Join your favorite number friends for catchy songs that help you learn to count from 1 to 10 and beyond. Perfect for kicking off the school year with fun, confidence, and number magic! 🎶

For more, download the official Numberblocks apps;
Meet the Numberblocks - https://onelink.to/spzumk
Numberblocks Card Fun - https://onelink.to/wz9er9
Numberblocks World - https://onelink.to/8fzh7d
Numberblocks Hide and Seek - https://onelink.to/dy7jjp
NB Bedtime Stories - https://onelink.to/3w7nmk

Official website;
https://www.learningblocks.tv/numberblocks/home

As seen on CBeebies! Watch Numberblocks full episodes on BBC iPlayer: https://bbc.in/2ZHvNtl
Subscribe for more Numberblocks: https://goo.gl/rF32S8
Visit the Numberblocks on;
Twitter: @numberblocks
Facebook: facebook.com/numberblocks/
Instagram: @numberblocks

We are the Numberblocks! Little blocks with big ideas, having a ton of number fun. Learn how to add, subtract and count the fun and educational way! In this educational CBeebies cartoon for kids, children can learn how to count with basic maths sums, using addition and subtraction with singular blocks that join together to make increasingly bigger numbers.

#Numberblocks #LearnToCount #kidssong #mathforkindergarten #mathsforpreschool #12345 #1to10 #1to5 #1to20 #numberblocks #countingforkids #1to100 #songs

Learn More at mathantics.com
Visit http://www.mathantics.com for more Free math videos and additional subscription based content!

The mystery of Africa splitting in two has puzzled scientists for decades. Now researchers finally believe they’ve found the hidden force behind it. Roads, homes, even entire landscapes are being reshaped, and one day this rift could create a whole new ocean. But this isn’t the only strange discovery shaking our world. In this video, you’ll also see the most mysterious volcanoes, lost cities hidden for centuries, unbelievable archaeological finds, and secrets buried deep under the ground. From ancient artifacts scientists still can’t explain, to vanished civilizations and jaw-dropping natural phenomena, these are the stories that rewrite what we thought we knew about our planet and its history.
Animation is created by Bright Side.
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Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/

Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/....0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4V
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What if the most famous sea monster of all time… never really existed the way we think? Experts now say the Megalodon — the giant shark of legend — might not have been the massive beast we’ve always imagined. And that’s just the beginning. In this video, we’ll dive into jaw-dropping facts about the ocean’s strangest dwellers, from ancient giants that ruled the seas to mysterious creatures still lurking in the deep. Some truths will shock you, others will make you rethink everything you thought you knew about the ocean. Get ready — the sea is full of surprises.

Animation is created by Bright Side.
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This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.

Heading out into the wild? Don’t just pack your tent and hope for the best—these camping hacks could literally save your life. From tricks to start a fire in the rain, to ways you can purify water in an emergency, these tips are pure survival gold. You’ll also learn how to keep wild animals away, signal for help, and stay safe when things don’t go as planned. Whether you’re a weekend camper or planning a big wilderness adventure, these hacks turn you into the friend everyone trusts when nature gets tough. Watch now, because knowing these could be the difference between a bad trip and a rescue story.

Animation is created by Bright Side.
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Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/

Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/....0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4V
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This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.

Did you know that many everyday objects around you hide secret features you’ve never noticed? From the button on a seat belt to the hole in a pen cap or even the extra eyelets on your sneakers, these small details all have hidden purposes that make life easier, safer, or just more interesting. In this video, we explore the most surprising hidden purposes of everyday items you use all the time without thinking. Some of these secret features were designed for safety, some for convenience, and others are clever engineering tricks that most people completely miss. Once you see them, you’ll never look at ordinary objects the same way again. If you’ve ever wondered what those tiny symbols, holes, buttons, or shapes are really for, this video will finally give you the answers.
Animation is created by Bright Side.
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Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/

Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/....0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4V
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Imagine a gadget that looks like a toy but opens up an entire world of technology. WOWCube is a mind-blowing cube where every side is a tiny interactive screen. Twist it, tap it - and suddenly you’re playing Cut the Rope, Pipes, or 2048. Characters and objects seamlessly move across the cube as if it’s alive in your hands. And when you’re done gaming, with one flip it transforms into a calming aquarium. But that’s not all! In this video, you’ll also discover a whole lineup of fascinating scientific discoveries and futuristic inventions. From mind-bending concepts that push the boundaries of what’s possible to clever gadgets that can change everyday life — get ready for ideas that will make you say “WOW!”.
Animation is created by Bright Side.
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Check our Bright Side podcast on Spotify and leave a positive review! https://open.spotify.com/show/....0hUkPxD34jRLrMrJux4V
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Love+War chronicles Pulitzer Prize-winning Lynsey Addario’s ascent in the male-dominated world of conflict photography. But her work is dangerous. She’s been kidnapped twice while on assignment in war zones — a cost she must wrestle with each time she leaves her husband and two sons to go on assignment. Behind the camera, Addario is torn between her unwavering commitment to the essential work of journalism and the powerful, competing demands of motherhood, grappling with what it truly means to follow your calling when it threatens everything you love.  

Love+War airs on National Geographic on November 6 at 9/8c. It will be available on Disney+ starting November 7. 

Explore the World with National Geographic subscriptions: https://natgeo.com/ytngmagazine

➡ Subscribe: https://on.natgeo.com/4p5A0D6
➡ Get more Nat Geo Full Episodes: https://on.natgeo.com/3V5ZfHI
➡ Get wild with Nat Geo Animals Full Episodes: https://on.natgeo.com/3V2EOLO

And check out more National Geographic series and specials here:
➡ Disney Plus: https://on.natgeo.com/3q6on5p
➡ Hulu: https://on.natgeo.com/3Qor0Ko
➡ NGTV: https://natgeo.com/tv
➡ ABC: https://abc.com

#NationalGeographic #LoveAndWar #OfficialTrailer

About National Geographic:
National Geographic is the world's premium destination for critically acclaimed storytelling around science and exploration. Discover amazing wildlife, ancient civilizations, hidden worlds, and the incredible wonders of our Earth. Through world-class scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers, Nat Geo inspires fans of all ages to connect with, explore, and care about the world.

Get More National Geographic:
Official Site: https://nationalgeographic.com
Instagram: https://instagram.com/natgeo
Facebook: https://facebook.com/natgeo
Threads: https://threads.com/@natgeo
X: https://x.com/NatGeo
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Pinterest: https://pinterest.com/natgeo

Love+War | Official Trailer | National Geographic Documentary Films
https://youtu.be/hSqRXVlITBc

National Geographic
youtube.com/natgeo

Neil deGrasse Tyson features his interview with Jane Goodall and discusses chimpanzee behavior with Chuck Nice and Jill Pruetz.

Jane Goodall 1934 - 2025

Startalk | S3, E3

Explore the World with National Geographic subscriptions: https://natgeo.com/ytngmagazine

➡ Subscribe: https://on.natgeo.com/4p5A0D6
➡ Get more Nat Geo Full Episodes: https://on.natgeo.com/3V5ZfHI
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➡ ABC: https://abc.com

#NationalGeographic #Startalk #JaneGoodall

About National Geographic:
National Geographic is the world's premium destination for critically acclaimed storytelling around science and exploration. Discover amazing wildlife, ancient civilizations, hidden worlds, and the incredible wonders of our Earth. Through world-class scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers, Nat Geo inspires fans of all ages to connect with, explore, and care about the world.

Get More National Geographic:
Official Site: https://nationalgeographic.com
Instagram: https://instagram.com/natgeo
Facebook: https://facebook.com/natgeo
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X: https://x.com/NatGeo
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Pinterest: https://pinterest.com/natgeo

Jane Goodall: Discussing Chimpanzee Behavior (Full Episode) | Startalk | National Geographic
https://youtu.be/Ztjcf7iR5DE

National Geographic
youtube.com/natgeo

Neil deGrasse Tyson interviews Avatar director James Cameron and discusses the intersection of storytelling, exploration and science with Chuck Nice and Charles Liu.

StarTalk | S3, E9

Explore the World with National Geographic subscriptions: https://natgeo.com/ytngmagazine

➡ Subscribe: https://on.natgeo.com/4p5A0D6
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➡ ABC: https://abc.com

#NationalGeographic #StarTalk #JamesCameron

About National Geographic:
National Geographic is the world's premium destination for critically acclaimed storytelling around science and exploration. Discover amazing wildlife, ancient civilizations, hidden worlds, and the incredible wonders of our Earth. Through world-class scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers, Nat Geo inspires fans of all ages to connect with, explore, and care about the world.

Get More National Geographic:
Official Site: https://nationalgeographic.com
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Storytelling & Science with James Cameron (Full Episode) | StarTalk | National Geographic
https://youtu.be/z5d6RvbQbTg

National Geographic
youtube.com/natgeo

Planned obsolescence, explained. #veritasium #engineeering #lightbulbs

What is the optimal strategy for bowling? #science #veritasium #physics #bowling

Does quantum entanglement make faster-than-light communication possible?
What is NOT random? http://bit.ly/NOTrandoVe
First, I know this video is not easy to understand. Thank you for taking the time to attempt to understand it. I've been working on this for over six months over which time my understanding has improved. Quantum entanglement and spooky action at a distance are still debated by professors of quantum physics (I know because I discussed this topic with two of them).

Does hidden information (called hidden variables by physicists) exist? If it does, the experiment violating Bell inequalities indicates that hidden variables must update faster than light - they would be considered 'non-local'. On the other hand if you don't consider the spins before you make the measurement then you could simply say hidden variables don't exist and whenever you measure spins in the same direction you always get opposite results, which makes sense since angular momentum must be conserved in the universe.

Everyone agrees that quantum entanglement does not allow information to be transmitted faster that light. There is no action either detector operator could take to signal the other one - regardless of the choice of measurement direction, the measured spins are random with 50/50 probability of up/down.

Special thanks to:
Prof. Stephen Bartlett, University of Sydney: http://bit.ly/1xSosoJ
Prof. John Preskill, Caltech: http://bit.ly/1y8mJut

Looking Glass Universe: http://bit.ly/17zZH7l
Physics Girl: http://bit.ly/PhysGirl
MinutePhysics: http://bit.ly/MinPhys
Community Channel: http://bit.ly/CommChannel
Nigel, Helen, Luke, and Simon for comments on earlier drafts of this video.

Filmed in part by Scott Lewis: http://google.com/+scottlewis

Music by Amarante "One Last Time": http://bit.ly/VeAmarante

We have just seen the first image of a black hole, the supermassive black hole in the galaxy M87 with a mass 6.5 billion times that of our sun. But what is that image really showing us?

This is an awesome paper on the topic by J.P. Luminet:
Image of a spherical black hole with thin accretion disk
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 75, no. 1-2, May 1979, p. 228-235
https://ve42.co/luminet

Using my every day intuition I wondered: will we see the "shadow" of the black hole even if we're looking edge on at the accretion disk? The answer is yes because the black hole warps space-time, so even if we wouldn't normally be able to see the back of the accretion disk, we can in this case because its light is bent up and over the black hole. Similarly we can see light from the bottom of the back of the accretion disk because it's bent under the bottom of the black hole. Plus there are additional images from light that does a half turn around the black hole leading to the inner rings.

What about the black hole "shadow" itself? Well initially I thought it can't be an image of the event horizon because it's so much bigger (2.6 times bigger). But if you trace back the rays, you find that for every point in the shadow, there is a corresponding ray that traces back to the event horizon. So in fact from our one observing location, we see all sides of the event horizon simultaneously! In fact infinitely many of these images, accounting for the virtually infinite number of times a photon can orbit the black hole before falling in. The edge of the shadow is due to the photon sphere - the radius at which light goes around in closed orbits. If a light ray coming in at an oblique angle just skims the photon sphere and then travels on to our telescopes, that is the closest 'impact parameter' possible, and it occurs at sqrt(27)/2*r_s

Huge thanks to:
Prof. Geraint Lewis
University of Sydney https://ve42.co/gfl
Like him, I'm hoping (predicting?) we'll see some moving images of black holes tomorrow

Prof. Rana Adhikari
Caltech https://ve42.co/Rana

Riccardo Antonelli - for excellent images of black holes, simulations and ray-tracing code, check out:
https://ve42.co/rantonels

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
Check out their resources and get your local link for the livestream here: https://ve42.co/EHT

Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
Donal Botkin, Michael Krugman, Ron Neal, Stan Presolski, Terrance Shepherd, Penward Rhyme

Filming by Raquel Nuno
Animation by Maria Raykova

The sun has been producing light for about five billion years but where does all its energy come from? The most common idea is that the sun is burning gas - like a giant fireball in the sky. If this were true, the sun would have gone out long ago. So how is the sun actually fuelling itself? It is converting its own mass into energy. By combining protons (the nucleus of hydrogen) into helium, it squeezes some mass into energy - 4.3 billion kg per second. It is Einstein's famous E=mc^2 which gives us the quantitative relationship between mass and energy, where c is the speed of light.

The rainiest place on earth isn’t where you might expect. Get exclusive NordVPN deal here ➵ https://NordVPN.com/veritasium. It’s risk free with Nord’s 30 day money-back guarantee!

Special thanks to our Patreon supporters! Join this list to help us keep our videos free, forever:
https://ve42.co/PatreonDEB

If you’re looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms – a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically – https://ve42.co/SnatomsV

▀▀▀
Huge thanks to Okouchi-San and Dr. Sakai and everyone at NIED and the Large Scale Rainfall Simulator for their time, expertise and access to this amazing facility.

A big thank you to Prof. Olga Mavrouli and Prof. Bill Schulz for their invaluable expertise on the mechanisms of landslides.

▀▀▀
References:
Ulbrich, C. W. (1983). Natural variations in the analytical form of the raindrop size distribution. Journal of climate and applied meteorology, 1764-1775. – https://ve42.co/Ulbrich83

Van Boxel, J. H. (1997, November). Numerical model for the fall speed of rain drops in a rain fall simulator. In Workshop on wind and water erosion (Vol. 5, pp. 77-85). – https://ve42.co/Boxel87

Canuti, P., Focardi, P., & Garzonio, C. (1985). Correlation between rainfall and landslides. Bulletin of Engineering Geology & the Environment, 32(1).

Tsaparas, I., Rahardjo, H., Toll, D. G., & Leong, E. C. (2002). Controlling parameters for rainfall-induced landslides. Computers and geotechnics, 29(1), 1-27. – https://ve42.co/Tsaparas2002

Nakamura, H., & Oosawa, M. (2021, March). Effects of the underground discharge channel/reservoir for small urban rivers in the Tokyo area. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 703, No. 1, p. 012029). IOP Publishing. – https://ve42.co/Nakamura21

Guthrie, R. H., & Evans, S. G. (2004). Magnitude and frequency of landslides triggered by a storm event, Loughborough Inlet, British Columbia. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 4(3), 475-483. – https://ve42.co/Guthrie2004

Images & Video:
Miyako, Iwate Tsunami via ANNnewsCH - https://ve42.co/Miyako2011
Mount Onake Volcano via BBC News - https://ve42.co/BBCOnake
Typhoon Jebi via Al Jazeera - https://ve42.co/TyphoonJebi
East Asia Typhoons via CBC News - https://ve42.co/TyphoonCBC
Atami Landslide via The Quint - https://ve42.co/Atami2021
Atami Landslide via news.com.au - https://ve42.co/2ndAtami2021
Sendai Earthquake via ANNnewsCH - https://ve42.co/SendaiQuake
Nagasaki Mudslide via The Telegrap - https://ve42.co/NagasakiMudslide
Wajima Landslide via Guardian News - https://ve42.co/WajimaLandslide
Drone Rainfall Test via AIZAWAchan - https://ve42.co/DroneRain
Car Rainfall Test via TIER IV - https://ve42.co/CarRainTest
Rainfall Simulator via NIED - https://ve42.co/RainfallSim1
External Footage of Simulator via NIED - https://ve42.co/RainfallSim2
Landslide Simulations via NIED - https://ve42.co/RainfallSim3
Typhoon Prapiroon via Force Thirteen - https://ve42.co/TyphoonPrapiroon
Yanohigashi Floods via CNA - https://ve42.co/YanohigashiFloods
Japan Floods via The Telegraph - https://ve42.co/TelegraphFlood
Japan Floods via euronew - https://ve42.co/EuroNewsFlood
Typhoon Hagibis via Guardian News - https://ve42.co/TyphoonHagibis
Typhoon Hagibis via SCMP - https://ve42.co/TyphoonHagibisSCMP
Satellite Imagery of Hagibis via Force Thirteen - https://ve42.co/HagibisSatellite
Tokyo Flood Control System via NikkeiAsia.com - https://ve42.co/FloodControl
Landslides Footage via Underworld - https://ve42.co/MonsterLandslides
Norway Landslide via ABC7 - https://ve42.co/NorwayLandslide
Planet Destruction via BBC - https://ve42.co/BBCDestruction
B.C. Climate Change Danger via CBC News - https://ve42.co/BCClimateChange
Canada’s Logging Roads via CBC News - https://ve42.co/CBCLogging

▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Chris Harper, Max Paladino, Balkrishna Heroor, Adam Foreman, Orlando Bassotto, Tj Steyn, meg noah, KeyWestr, TTST, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, David Johnston, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Sam Lutfi

▀▀▀
Directed by Petr Lebedev
Written by Petr Lebedev
Edited by Peter Nelson
Additional Research by Gregor Čavlović
Animated by Fabio Albertelli
Illustrations by Jakub Misiek
Filmed by Petr Lebedev, Emily Zhang, Derek Muller
Produced by Petr Lebedev, Han Evans and Gregor Čavlović
Thumbnail by Peter Sheppard
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound

Do you really know how big the universe is? There’s a data driven way to read the news: go to https://ground.news/veritasium to get 30% off the Vantage plan and see through sensationalized reporting.

If you’re looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms – a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically – https://ve42.co/SnatomsV


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A huge thank you to Dr. Ashmeet Singh for his expert feedback on this video.


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References:
Fun video by RealLifeLore about the scale of the Universe - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iy7NzjCmUf0&pp=ygUkcmVhbCBsaWZlIGxvcmUgc2NhbGUgb2YgdGhlIHVuaXZlcnNl
Moon Facts via NASA - https://ve42.co/NASAMoon
Titan Facts via NASA - https://ve42.co/Titan
Mercury Facts via NASA - https://ve42.co/Mercury
Why Pluto is no Longer a Planet, BBC News via YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIk29MnzZWA&pp=ygUYcGx1dG8gbm8gbG9uZ2VyIGEgcGxhbmV0
Pluto, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/WikiPluto
Eris, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/WikiEris
Brown, M. E., & Schaller, E. L. (2007). The mass of dwarf planet Eris. Science, 316(5831), 1585-1585. - https://ve42.co/Brown2007
Trans-Neptunian object, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/WikiTNO
IAU 2006 General Assembly Press Release, via IAU - https://ve42.co/IAU2006
Solar System Moons via NASA - https://ve42.co/NASAMoons
Solar System Asteroids via NASA - https://ve42.co/Asteroids
Solar System, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/WikiSolarSystem
How many stars are in the Universe via ESA - https://ve42.co/ESAStars
Catalog of Exoplanets via exoplanet - https://ve42.co/ExoplanetCatalog
Crowther, T. W., Glick, H. B., Covey, K. R., Bettigole, C., Maynard, D. S., Thomas, S. M., ... & Bradford, M. A. (2015). Mapping tree density at a global scale. Nature, 525(7568), 201-205. - https://ve42.co/Crowther2015
Galaxy, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/WikiGalaxy
Counting Galaxies with the Hubble Space Telescope via NASA - https://ve42.co/CountingGalaxies
Conselice, C. J., Wilkinson, A., Duncan, K., & Mortlock, A. (2016). The evolution of galaxy number density at z8 and its implications. The Astrophysical Journal, 830(2), 83. - https://ve42.co/Conselice2016
Sagan, C., & Druyan, A. (2011). Pale blue dot: A vision of the human future in space. Ballantine books.

Images & Video:
Clip of Titan’s Surface, NASA via YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xn3-0a19sC8
Clips of Pluto Had it Coming, The Late Show with Stephen Colbert via YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5nqT7XrYRPc
Image of Solar System Objects - https://ve42.co/SolarSystemObjects


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Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bill Linder, Blake Byers, Burt Humburg, Chris Harper, Dave Kircher, David Johnston, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Max Paladino, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures


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Directed by Casper Mebius
Written by Casper Mebius and Derek Muller
Additional research & fact checking by Gregor Čavlović
Edited by Peter Nelson
Animated by Ivy Tello and Alondra Vitae
Filmed by Derek Muller, Raquel Nuno and Zyan Treadwell
Produced by Derek Muller, Casper Mebius and Han Evans

Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images, StoryBlocks and by courtesy of NASA, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO, NASA JPL, NASA/JPL-Caltech NASA GSFC, NASA HQ, NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio, NCSA, A. Kritsuk, M. Norman

Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Peter Sheppard

For decades, the Sleeping Beauty Problem has divided people between two answers. Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 of you will get 20% off an annual premium subscription.

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Many thanks to Dr. Mike Titelbaum and Dr. Adam Elga for their insights into the problem.

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References:

Elga, A. (2000). Self-locating belief and the Sleeping Beauty problem. Analysis, 60(2), 143-147. - https://ve42.co/Elga2000

Lewis, D. (2001). Sleeping beauty: reply to Elga. Analysis, 61(3), 171-176. - https://ve42.co/Lewis2001

Winkler, P. (2017). The sleeping beauty controversy. The American Mathematical Monthly, 124(7), 579-587. - https://ve42.co/Winkler2017

Titelbaum, M. G. (2013). Ten reasons to care about the Sleeping Beauty problem. Philosophy Compass, 8(11), 1003-1017. - https://ve42.co/Titelbaum2013

Mutalik, P. (2016). Solution: ‘Sleeping Beauty’s Dilemma’, Quanta Magazine - https://ve42.co/MutalikQ2016

Rec.Puzzles - Some “Sleeping Beauty” Postings - https://ve42.co/SBRecPuzzles

The Sleeping Beauty Paradox, Statistics SE - https://ve42.co/SBPSSE

The Sleeping Beauty Problem, Reddit - https://ve42.co/SBPReddit

Sleeping Beauty paradox explained, GameFAQs - https://ve42.co/SBPGameFAQ

The Sleeping Beauty Problem, Physics Forums - https://ve42.co/SBPPhysicsForums

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Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Tj Steyn, Meg Noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Elliot Miller, Brian Busbee, Jerome Barakos, M.D., Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, Chris LaClair, John H. Austin, Jr., Eric Sexton, john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Benedikt Heinen, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Mike Schneider, jim buckmaster, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi.

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Written by Emily Zhang, Derek Muller, Tamar Lichter Blanks
Edited by Fabio Albertelli
Animation by Ivy Tello, Fabio Albertelli, Jakub Misiek
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images & Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, Emily Zhang

In this lab, they use different flow visualization techniques to help detect contraband, residues, and develop trace particle detection methods. Part of this video was sponsored by Caseta by Lutron. Find out more at https://casetawireless.com/veritasium

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Thanks to Rich Press and NIST for the great visit.
Thanks to Matt Staymates for taking us around his lab and showing us the fascinating research being done with flow visualization.
You can check out all the cool work going on at NIST here: https://www.nist.gov/

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References:

Staymates, M.E., (2020). My Stay-at-Home Lab Shows How Face Coverings Can Slow the Spread of Disease. NIST. – https://ve42.co/FaceMaskNIST

Staymates, M. E., et al. (2016). Biomimetic sniffing improves the detection performance of a 3D printed nose of a dog and a commercial trace vapor detector. Scientific reports, 6(1), 1-10. – https://ve42.co/Staymates2016

NIST. (2022). Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group. – https://ve42.co/NISTgroup

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Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Bernard McGee, James Sanger, Elliot Miller, Brian Busbee, Jerome Barakos M.D., Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, Chris LaClair, John H. Austin Jr., OnlineBookClub.org, Eric Sexton, John Kiehl, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Mike Schneider, John Bauer, Jim Buckmaster, Juan Benet, Sunil Nagaraj, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi

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Written by Derek Muller and Emily Zhang
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animation by Ivy Tello
Filmed by Derek Muller, Raquel Nuno, Trenton Oliver, and Emily Zhang
Additional video/photos supplied by Pond5 & Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, and Emily Zhang

Why do droplets of food coloring attract, repel, and chase each other?
Snatoms molecular models: http://igg.me/at/snatoms
More about this topic: http://wke.lt/w/s/VRjRQ

Original paper on droplets: http://stanford.edu/~manup/doc....s/Cira_DancingDrople
Marangoni Flow: http://web.mit.edu/2.21/www/Le....c-notes/Surfacetensi
Surface Energy: https://itf.fys.kuleuven.be/~j....oi/papers/Wetting%20

Filming and master pipetting by Raquel Nuno
Research and writing by Aaron White