Behold the 2017 Venice Biennale. Called the "olympics of the art world," the exhibition invades historic (and tourist clogged) Venice, Italy, every two years, and has since 1895. Contemporary art abounds, with installations and exhibitions occupying the city's Giardini and Arsenale, as well as art venues throughout the city. And yes, we ate plenty of gelato and rode in a gondola.

To support our channel, visit: http://www.patreon.com/artassignment. Thanks to our Grandmaster of the Arts Indianapolis Homes Realty, and all of our patrons, especially Lynn Gordon, Patrick Hanna, and Constance Urist.

Subscribe for new episodes of The Art Assignment every other Thursday!

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You Are an Artist is out in the world! Order here: https://bitly.com/2kplj2h. And join our virtual book tour: http://www.theartassignment.com/tour. You don't need to be creative or inspired to make art, but you may need the advice of artists, and perhaps a prompt! Show us your work on Instagram and Twitter with #youareanartist.

Playlist of assignments: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLdGqz6dgvIz

Thanks to our Grandmasters of the Arts Tyler Calvert-Thompson, Divide By Zero Collection, David Golden, and Ernest Wolfe, and to all of our patrons, especially Anthony Chivetta, Rich Clarey, Iain Eudaily, Tom Forwood, Patrick Hanna, Andrew Huynh, Eve Leonard, David Moore, Jane Quale, Gabriel Civita Ramirez, Andrew Sheeler, Josh Thomas, Constance Urist, Nicholas Xu, and Roberta Zaphiriou. To support our channel, visit: http://www.patreon.com/artassignment.

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Pre-order our book YOU ARE AN ARTIST (which includes new assignments!) here: http://bit.ly/2kplj2h
In which The Art Assignment visits New York-based artist Toyin Odutola and receives the challenge to create a GIF! But not just any GIF--it must articulate something intimate that is indispensable to you.

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Think of something intimate that is indispensable to you. (It doesn't have to be a body part. It can be an object, place, memory, anything.)

2. Depict it in the form of a GIF. You don't have to make drawings-you can use photographs, make a sculpture, or whatever you like.

3. Upload it using #theartassignment

4. Fame and glory (your response might be in a future episode)

Find and follow Toyin online: @obia_thethird, toyinodutola.com
and learn more about her work here: http://www.jackshainman.com/artists/toyin-odutola/

Pre-order our book YOU ARE AN ARTIST (which includes new assignments!) here: http://bit.ly/2kplj2h We interview the remarkable Vanessa Hill, creator of BrainCraft, a production of PBS Digital Studios, which explores psychology, neuroscience & why we act the way we do. And we challenge Vanessa to respond to our recent art assignment Conjure a Studio offered by Hope Ginsburg: http://youtu.be/_BCII40trPw.

And this week I'm featured in Braincraft's video, which you can watch here!: https://youtu.be/trAz4aBAc0k

Subscribe for new episodes of The Art Assignment every Thursday!

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Pre-order our book YOU ARE AN ARTIST (which includes new assignments!) here: http://bit.ly/2kplj2h

Today we talk to textile artist Sonya Clark, who applies the techniques of textile work to represent her personal and cultural history. Her assignment draws on her insightful approach to histories and asks you to represent yours.

INSTRUCTIONS - Measuring Histories
1. Think about an aspect of your personal or cultural history that is hard to imagine
2. Select a material to quantify, measure, and actualize that history
3. Or, do something familiar to you for as long as you can and measure it to see what it lines up with from your personal or cultural history
4. Upload documentation of your experience using #theartassignment
5. Fame and glory (Your work might be in a future episode)

See more of Sonya's work here: http://sonyaclark.com/

Find out more about The Art Assignment and how to submit your response: http://theartassignment.com/

Pre-order our book YOU ARE AN ARTIST (which includes new assignments!) here: http://bit.ly/2kplj2h Today's episode has been sponsored by Squarespace. For more information, visit http://www.squarespace.com/artassignment

What is public art? Who funds it, owns it, and shapes it? Who does it serve? And why is it important? We try to answer some of these questions by looking at an example of public art that never came to be - Fred Wilson’s E Pluribus Unum.

Don't forget to subscribe for new episodes of The Art Assignment every Thursday!

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More resources available at www.misterwootube.com

Endometriosis is a disease that affects about one in ten women, and comes from tissue inside the uterus making its way out. But it turns out that's not the only way to get it, because there are people without uteruses who have it too. Here's what science has to say about the paradoxical patients who have endometriosis, no uterus required.

Hosted by: Savannah Geary (they/them)

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Another YouTube #shorts from Dr. Joe! Subscribe for more fun science stories

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Reference: Hall, B., Levy, S., Dufault-Thompson, K. et al. BilR is a gut microbial enzyme that reduces bilirubin to urobilinogen. Nat Microbiol 9, 173–184 (2024)

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We've got two perfectly good hands attached to two perfectly good arms, so why do most people prefer to use one over the other for common tasks?

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate

Subscribe to It's Okay To Be Smart: http://bit.ly/iotbs_sub

David Wolman's "A Left Hand Turn Around the World" http://amzn.to/1wYqOS2
(lots more references in there!)

Chris McManus' "Right Hand, Left Hand" http://amzn.to/1umztyL

The best collection of the science of handedness on the internet: Right, Left, Right, Wrong - http://www.rightleftrightwrong.com/index.html

Genetic link between handedness and body asymmetry: http://www.plosgenetics.org/ar....ticle/info:doi/10.13

A gene associated with handedness and schizophrenia: http://www.nature.com/mp/journ....al/v12/n12/abs/40020

Genetic theories of handedness: http://www.rightleftrightwrong.....com/theories_geneti

Produced for PBS Digital Studios

Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics
Dalton Allen - Post-production intern
John Knudsen - Gaffer

Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Stock images via Shutterstock

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Another YouTube #shorts from Dr. Joe! Subscribe for more fun science stories.

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Thank you to CuriosityStream for supporting PBS! For more information, go to https://curiositystream.com/smart and USE code SMART.
↓↓↓ More info and sources below ↓↓↓

PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateOKAY

Follow me to Overview on PBS Terra! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjez0W8SPXc

Glass is made of sand, which is a kind of rock. But glass is transparent, and rocks aren’t transparent. What’s up with that? Why is glass clear? And why can I sit on a chair? And why can we touch anything? Today we zoom down to the weird world of electron clouds and quantum touching to find the answers.

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Try 23andMe at: http://www.23andme.com/okay
Part 2 of our special series on Human Ancestry. Watch it all: http://bit.ly/OKTBSHuman
↓↓↓More info and sources below ↓↓↓

In part 2 of our special series on human ancestry, we ask why we are the only surviving branch on the human evolutionary tree. Just 50,000-100,000 years ago, Earth was home to three or four separate human species, including our most famous cousins: the Neanderthals. New research has shown that Neanderthals were not the brutish, unintelligent cavemen that cartoons make them out to be. They were creative, smart, social, and perhaps even had complex language. So why did they go extinct as soon as Homo sapiens moved into their territory? Does any trace of them live on today? Why don’t we have Neanderthal neighbors?

-----------
REFERENCES:

Papagianni, Dimitra, and Michael A. Morse. The Neanderthals Rediscovered: How Modern Science Is Rewriting Their Story. Thames & Hudson, 2015. http://amzn.to/2oov6GG (Library: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/923279213)

Stringer, Chris. “Lone survivors: How we came to be the only humans on earth.” Macmillan, 2012. http://amzn.to/2oIFg3q (Library: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/855581724)

Tattersall, Ian. “Masters of the planet: the search for our human origins.” Macmillan, 2012. http://amzn.to/2pOZrKS (Library: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733231407)

Walter, Chip. “Last ape standing: the seven-million-year story of how and why we survived.” Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2013. http://amzn.to/2pP2liy (Library: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/872121723)


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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
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Why we yawn, why we hiccup, twitchy eyes (and more)!
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Our bodies do a lot of weird things, and many of them are completely involuntary. Why do we often jerk our bodies awake right before falling asleep? Why do we yawn? Why do we hiccup? Why do some people sneeze when they look at the sun? And why does your eye twitch? This week we'll look at the science behind these crazy involuntary behaviors!

MY T-SHIRT: http://www.cognitive-surplus.c....om/product/science-i

Read more:

Aristotle's "Book of Problems" free online: http://www.gutenberg.org/files..../12699/12699-h/12699
(it was probably not written by Aristotle, but instead collected after his death)

Yawns: http://www.bbc.com/future/stor....y/20140811-warning-t

Eye twitches: http://www.straightdope.com/co....lumns/read/1603/what

Sun sneezes: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pm....c/articles/PMC282140

Hiccups: http://www.bbc.com/future/stor....y/20140127-do-hiccup

Sleep twitches: http://www.bbc.com/future/stor....y/20120522-suffer-fr
http://www.bbc.com/future/stor....y/20120522-suffer-fr

Post-micturition convulsion syndrome: http://io9.com/5810102/the-science-of-pee-shivers

Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!

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It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.DFollow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
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For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced for PBS Digital Studios

Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Dalton Allen - Post-Production Intern

Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Other music via APM

Stock images from Shutterstock

-----------------

Last week's video:
There's no such thing as cold: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Akd7MMRKDwc

More videos:
Why Are Some People Left-Handed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPvMUpcxPSA
Why Did We Blow on NES Games? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Gf9mtXnJfM
The Science of Game of Thrones - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Utu-LpJn3Is
There Was No First Human - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdWLhXi24Mo
How The Elements Got Their Names - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtg9p6A6xnY

PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateOKAY
↓ More info and sources below ↓

Follow me to Atlas Obscura to learn about the discovery of this place: https://youtu.be/mXc1ZeRlOe0
Grab a headset and experience the monarch forest in VR180: https://youtu.be/fSa605IfTiE

The monarch butterfly migration is one of nature’s greatest events. This orange-winged wonder travels up to 4,500 km from all over North America to spend the winter hanging from oyamel fir trees in central Mexico’s mountain forests. I got to go there. Seeing tens of millions of butterflies dangling from the treetops is a truly breathtaking sight. But how does an animal with a brain the size of a poppy seed navigate to this one special place, especially since the last monarchs to make the trip lived 4 or 5 generations earlier? Get ready for an amazing story of science, instinct, and navigation. #nature #monarchbutterfly #migration

Special thanks to:
Dr. Steven Reppert - UMass Medical School
Atlas Obscura: @atlasobscura
Jason Goldman: @jgold85
Phil Torres: @phil_torres

Filmed on location at:
La Reserva de Biosfera de la Mariposa Monarca - Michoacán, Mexico
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - Austin, Texas

SUBSCRIBE so you don’t miss a video! ►► http://bit.ly/iotbs_sub

-----------
REFERENCES:

Guerra, P. A., & Reppert, S. M. (2013). Coldness triggers northward flight in remigrant monarch butterflies. Current Biology, 23(5), 419-423.

Reppert, S. M., Zhu, H., & White, R. H. (2004). Polarized light helps monarch butterflies navigate. Current Biology, 14(2), 155-158.

Reppert, S. M., Guerra, P. A., & Merlin, C. (2016). Neurobiology of monarch butterfly migration. Annual review of entomology, 61, 25-42.

Reppert, S. M., & de Roode, J. C. (2018). Demystifying monarch butterfly migration. Current Biology, 28(17), R1009-R1022.

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Imagine the scale of raindrops if you were the size of a small bird. Or mosquito. Flying through a drizzle should be deadly! Like flying through falling cars and boulders. And yet it’s not, because nature has given them a superpower—superhydrophobic surfaces that repel water and keep them airborne. How do these microscopic structures work? And how has modern engineering been inspired by them?

References: https://sites.google.com/view/....superhydrophobic-ref

Mosquito vs. Raindrop footage courtesy of David Hu and Andrew Dickerson

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Animals as simple as bees and as complex as you and me… like to have fun. But what’s the point of fun? Do all animals have fun? And for that matter, what is fun?

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References: https://sites.google.com/view/....whyarethingsfunrefer

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