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I feel like I've seen this video before…
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Most of us have felt it before, that strange sensation that you've been somewhere or seen something before, as if you already remembered what's happening. Are you psychic? Nope, that's just déjà vu. Why does déjà vu happen? Well, scientists aren't completely sure, but they've got a few good theories about it.
Great déjà vu explainer from Jordan Gaines Lewis: http://www.gainesonbrains.com/....2012/02/seeing-into-
Some theories of why déjà vu happens: http://theconversation.com/exp....lainer-what-is-deja-
And now for something completely different: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2eUopy9sd8
Special thanks to Austin's Corona Cafe!
Cast:
Waiter - Joe Nicolosi (he's also the director)
Sneezing girl - Kate Eads (she's also associate producer)
Guy spilling coffee - John Knudesn (he's also gaffer)
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!
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It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.DFollow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
Google+ https://plus.google.com/+itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Dalton Allen - Post-Production Intern
Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock
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Last week's video:
5 Weird Involuntary Behaviors Explained: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZE8sRMZ5BCA
More videos:
Why Are Some People Left-Handed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPvMUpcxPSA
Why Did We Blow on NES Games? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Gf9mtXnJfM
The Science of Game of Thrones - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Utu-LpJn3Is
There Was No First Human - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdWLhXi24Mo
How The Elements Got Their Names - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtg9p6A6xnY
The science of-- OH GOD IS THAT A SPIDER?!
Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate
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I'm scared of spiders. I'm not afraid to admit it. I love them in a scientific sense, or from a "let me look at you from way over here" sense, but that's as close as I get.
Here's a look at the science of why some of us are afraid of spiders, snakes, roaches, and other creepy crawlies. Did I evolve to be this way, or did I learn to be afraid of them? It seems to be an open question…
How dangerous ARE spiders? http://burkemuseum.blogspot.co....m/2010/09/q-how-dang
Humans may have evolved to pick out spiders and snakes from environment: http://www.apa.org/news/press/....releases/2001/09/sna
The overlapping worlds of fear conditioning from innate fear: http://instruct.uwo.ca/psychol....ogy/371g/Ohman2001.p
Doctor Who study suggests that spider fear may not be innate: http://www.wired.com/2014/01/d....octor-who-and-spider
Most common phobias: http://psychology.about.com/od..../phobias/p/commonpho
Adults and kids pick out creepy animals quicker than non-creepy animals: http://www.livescience.com/2348-fear-snakes.html
Children report spiders as a top fear: http://www.sciencedirect.com/s....cience/article/pii/S
List of clips featured in this episode: http://bit.ly/1xFhdO9
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Stephen Bohls - Editing/Motion Graphics
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Theme music: "Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Thumbnail photo: specnaz/Shutterstock
Stock images via Shutterstock
Music: "Two Boys and a Girl" - Podington Bear
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The biggest (and most mysterious!) migration in the world happens every night in the ocean as 10 billion tons of zooplankton swim to the surface to feed. This undersea journey is known as Diel vertical migration, and it occurs in every ocean in the world. By learning more about why this happens, science can unlock the secrets behind other phenomena, like our biological clocks…and even climate change.
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References: https://sites.google.com/view/....earths-greatest-migr
Check out Untold Earth and the PBS Earth Month Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BVHSUMAWR4&list=PLzkQfVIJun2J5q9CIXPAlL95FSb0tJul7&index=2
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Do you feel lucky?
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Is luck real? It might feel like a mystical force tugging us toward good or bad fortune, but it turns out luck is really where probability runs into the human mind. That’s right, there’s a scientific side to luck, and if you study a few principles of math and psychology, you might even be able to create your own good fortune.
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LEARN MORE:
“The Luck Factor” - Richard Wiseman http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/440674912
“What the Luck?” - Gary Smith http://amzn.to/2mQJvau
Sports Illustrated cover jinx study: http://bit.ly/cover-jinx
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Joe Hanson
Editor/animator: Andrew Orsak
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox
Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock http://www.shutterstock.com
Learn more about your personal DNA story by going to https://23andMe.com/okay
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What’s the largest river on Earth? If you said “the Amazon”… you’re only half right. Scientists have discovered an even bigger river in South America, and it’s in the sky above the Amazon rainforest. Turns out, this sky river is the reason there’s a rainforest at all…
REFERENCES:
Dr. Scot T. Martin, Gordon McKay Professor of Environmental Science and Engineering and Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University.
Dr. Antonio Donato Nobre, National Institute for Space Research, Brazil. Centro de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre
TED Talk: “The Magic of the Amazon, a river that flows invisibly all around us.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01jYiXbpnoE
“The Future Climate of Amazon.” Scientific Assessment Report. Articulación Regional Amazônica (2014). Sao Jose dos Campos – SP Edition ARA, CCST-INPE e INPA
Andreae et al. “Biogeochemical cycling of carbon, water, energy, trace gases, and aerosols in Amazonia: The LBA‐EUSTACH experiments.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (2002). https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000524
Dettinger, M. D., Ralph, F. M., Das, T., Neiman, P. J., & Cayan, D. R. (2011). Atmospheric rivers, floods and the water resources of California. Water, 3(2), 445-478.
Pöhlker, C., Wiedemann, K. T., Sinha, B., Shiraiwa, M., Gunthe, S. S., Smith, M., ... & Elbert, W. (2012). Biogenic potassium salt particles as seeds for secondary organic aerosol in the Amazon. Science, 337(6098), 1075-1078.
https://authors.library.caltec....h.edu/34067/2/Pohlke
Ter Steege, H., Pitman, N. C., Sabatier, D., Baraloto, C., Salomão, R. P., Guevara, J. E., ... & Monteagudo, A. (2013). Hyperdominance in the Amazonian tree flora. Science, 342(6156), 1243092.
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Sarah Keartes
Creative Director: David Schulte
Editor/animator: Sara Roma
Producers: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox
Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock http://www.shutterstock.com
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You’d have to be nuts not to love this video!
Special thanks to Jason Goldman (@jgold85) for help with this episode!
References:
Jacobs, Lucia F., and Emily R. Liman. "Grey squirrels remember the locations of buried nuts." Animal Behaviour 41.1 (1991): 103-110.
Delgado, Mikel M., et al. "Fox squirrels match food assessment and cache effort to value and scarcity." PloS one 9.3 (2014): e92892.
Raby, Caroline R., et al. "Planning for the future by western scrub-jays."Nature 445.7130 (2007): 919-921.
Dally, Joanna M., Nathan J. Emery, and Nicola S. Clayton. "Food-caching western scrub-jays keep track of who was watching when." Science312.5780 (2006): 1662-1665.
Clayton, Nicola S., Joanna M. Dally, and Nathan J. Emery. "Social cognition by food-caching corvids. The western scrub-jay as a natural psychologist."Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 362.1480 (2007): 507-522.
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment or check us out at the links below!
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Follow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigita...
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks (unless otherwise noted)
Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate
Just be yourself! Or be your other self. Whichever.
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Is the science of Orphan Black realistic? Could we clone humans, or engineer them to have customized traits? We take a look at today's genetic engineering technologies to find out if designer babies and human cloning is, or should be, a reality
BOOKS! For more on the modern science of cloning and genetic modification, read the book "Frankenstein's Cat" by Emily Anthes: http://amzn.to/1zsVizw
Chinese scientists have edited the genome of human embryos (sadly this news came out after we had filmed):
http://www.theverge.com/2015/4..../23/8477491/human-ge
How CRISPRs work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2pp17E4E-O8
Scientists call for a moratorium on human gene editing: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03..../20/science/biologis
Three-parent babies: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06..../29/magazine/the-bra
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!
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http://twitter.com/jtotheizzoe
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-----------------
It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.DFollow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
Google+ https://plus.google.com/+itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios
Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Dalton Allen - Post-Production Intern
Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks
-----------------
Last week's video:
Is Ultron Inevitable? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Irmtk5QG8s
More videos:
Why Does February Have 28 Days? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgKaHTh-_Gs
Why Vaccines Work https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aNhzLUL2ys
Why Are Some People Left-Handed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPvMUpcxPSA
Where Does the Smell of Rain Come From? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGcE5x8s0B8
Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate
Follow me to Vsauce3!! http://bit.ly/1zUxn7a
Twitter: @okaytobesmart @jtotheizzoe Instagram: @jtotheizzoe
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Will artificial intelligence ever surpass human intelligence? And if that happens, will AI be good or bad? Is evil AI like we see in Avengers: Age of Ultron… inevitable?
READ THIS FOR MORE:
Wait But Why: The Road To Superintelligence
Part 1: http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/....artificial-intellige
Part 2: http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/....artificial-intellige
The smiley face thought experiment is my take on the famous "paperclip maximizer", read more about it here: http://wiki.lesswrong.com/wiki/Paperclip_maximizer
Special thanks to Jake from Vsauce3!
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!
Follow on Twitter: http://twitter.com/okaytobesmart
http://twitter.com/jtotheizzoe
Follow on Tumblr: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
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It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.DFollow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
Google+ https://plus.google.com/+itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios
Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Dan Silver - Production Assistant
Dalton Allen - Post-Production Intern
Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks
-----------------
Last week's video:
Superbugs: The Empire Strikes Bacteria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fyRyZ1zKtyA
More videos:
Why Does February Have 28 Days? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgKaHTh-_Gs
Why Vaccines Work https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aNhzLUL2ys
Why Are Some People Left-Handed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPvMUpcxPSA
Where Does the Smell of Rain Come From? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGcE5x8s0B8
Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate
It's not the size of the month that matters…
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Why does February have 28 days when all the other months get 30 or 31? The answer is part superstition, part politics, and parts astronomy. (Basically, it's the Romans' fault)
Special thanks to Dr. Jen Ebbeler from the University of Texas Classics department for walking me through the history of the Roman calendar
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING:
Wikipedia's "Roman Calendar" page is really good http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_calendar
More:
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/T....hayer/E/Roman/Texts/
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~....grout/encyclopaedia_
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~....grout/encyclopaedia_
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!
Follow on Twitter: http://twitter.com/okaytobesmart
http://twitter.com/jtotheizzoe
Follow on Tumblr: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
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-----------------
It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.DFollow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
Google+ https://plus.google.com/+itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios
Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Dalton Allen - Post-Production Intern
Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock
-----------------
Last week's video:
Why Vaccines Work https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aNhzLUL2ys
More videos:
Why Are Some People Left-Handed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPvMUpcxPSA
Where Does the Smell of Rain Come From? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGcE5x8s0B8
Why Did We Blow on NES Games? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Gf9mtXnJfM
The Science of Game of Thrones - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Utu-LpJn3Is
There Was No First Human - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdWLhXi24Mo
PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateOKAY
↓ More info and sources below ↓
The famous painter who was half-honeybee
Don’t miss our next video! SUBSCRIBE! ►► http://bit.ly/iotbs_sub
Claude Monet had a very unique eye, and it can teach us a bit about the science of vision
More reading:
Monet's Eye at Download the Universe:
http://www.downloadtheuniverse.....com/dtu/2012/04/mon
Simulation of Monet's Cataracts:
http://archopht.jamanetwork.co....m/article.aspx?artic
More:
http://petapixel.com/2012/04/1....7/the-human-eye-can-
http://www.skepticalartist.com..../2013/06/25/claude-m
Music:
Johann Sebastian Bach - Goldberg Variations
(From The Open Goldberg Variations, by Kimiko Ishizaka
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Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!
Follow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen Inc
Kate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Andrew Matthews - Editor and motion graphics
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
-----------
Last week's video:
The Science of Snowflakes: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUot7XSX8uA
More videos:
The Universe In A Glass of Wine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3_n7TDL7lc
Why We Cook: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wpfwu__PF7Y
Ghosts of Evolution: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWW5OuxlKec
Evolution doesn’t pick a side!
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In almost every animal species on Earth, equal numbers of males and females are conceived. Why is that? Especially in populations like lions or elephant seals, where most males don’t get to mate? That’s survival of the laziest, not survival of the fittest. It turns out that in most cases, an equal balance of the sexes is the evolutionary stable strategy. From Charles Darwin to Ronald Fisher to W.D. Hamilton to Richard Dawkins, the question of why there’s as many males as females has fascinated biologists. Today, we’ll explain why that is the way it is.
READ MORE:
Fisher, R. A. “The genetical theory of natural selection”
Dawkins, Richard “The Selfish Gene” http://amzn.to/2omkuFr
Hamilton, W. D. (1967). Extraordinary sex ratios. Science, 156(3774), 477-488.
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Stephanie Keep
Creative Director: David Schulte
Editor/animator: Karl Boettcher and Derek Borsheim
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox
Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock http://www.shutterstock.com
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This time, we're the asteroid.
Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate
Subscribe to It's Okay To Be Smart: http://bit.ly/iotbs_sub
Read "The Sixth Extinction by Elizabeth Kolbert: http://amzn.to/1xGKn0K
Rodolfo Dirzo et al. "Defaunation in the Anthropocene" http://bit.ly/1H7JQdw
Stuart Pimm et al. "Biodiversity of Species and Their Rates of Extinction" http://bit.ly/1A5UZJM
Get to know an endangered species: http://discover.iucnredlist.org/
Half of world's wildlife has died off in past 40 years: http://bit.ly/1BHl8jR
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
Joe Hanson - Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen Inc
Kate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics
Dalton Allen - Post-production intern
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Stock images by Shutterstock
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Follow me to MONSTRUM! https://youtu.be/x-GjSU4nOxE
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Ever feel like you aren't totally yourself? Well, maybe you aren't. In this video, we explore the idea of human chimeras. In mythology, the "Chimaera" was a beast made from different animals combined into one. But in biology, a chimera is a single organism whose body is made from parts of two or more genetically distinct individuals of the same species. Biological chimeras were once thought to be rare, but modern genetics has shown us that these genetic mashups are so common, that you yourself may actually be a chimera. And even if you don't have part of another body in you, your body is certainly not just one thing. We also discuss the idea of mosaicism and how it relates to cancer, Tasmanian devils, and circus sideshow attractions. #genetics #chimera
Special thanks to Dr. Emily Zarka, our favorite monsterologist!
SOURCES: https://sites.google.com/view/....human-chimeras-refer
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Check out Far Out on @pbsterra : https://youtu.be/jpUjze3v_6c
Check out Why Am I Like This? on @pbsterra : https://youtu.be/eWzBNfBnFys
What's the tallest mountain on Earth? It might seem like an easy question to answer, but in reality it's one that brings up more NEW questions than answers. It turns out that the way we measure mountains rests on a lot of approximations, assumptions, and averages. And when you dig into those, there's several contenders for the tallest mountain, each with their own good case for the title. So, which mountain do YOU think should take the throne?
References: https://sites.google.com/view/....references-tallest-m
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This video is perfect for adults orchids.
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Many creatures wear disguises in order to keep safe from predators, but there are some that dress to kill. Orchid mantises are one of nature’s most awesome examples of aggressive mimicry. These killer insects are almost indistinguishable from orchids! Scientists recently learned that their disguise doesn’t work quite how we thought it did.
Special thanks to YouTuber Fruchtpudding for letting us use their awesome orchid mantis hunting footage! https://www.youtube.com/user/Fruchtpudding
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READ MORE:
O’Hanlon, J. C. (2016). Orchid mantis. Current Biology, 26(4), R145-R146.
O’Hanlon, J. C., Holwell, G. I., & Herberstein, M. E. (2013). Pollinator deception in the orchid mantis. The American Naturalist, 183(1), 126-132.
O’Hanlon, J. C., Herberstein, M. E., & Holwell, G. I. (2014). Habitat selection in a deceptive predator: maximizing resource availability and signal efficacy. Behavioral Ecology, 26(1), 194-199.
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Sarah Keartes
Producer/editor/animator: Andrew Matthews
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox
Produced by PBS Digital Studios
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How many times do you look in a mirror every day? Have you ever stopped to wonder how they actually work? Mirrors do strange things to our world, seemingly flipping everything so that what was right is left and what was left is right. But what if I told you that mirrors don’t actually flip the world left to right? The real magic of mirrors is far stranger and more interesting, as you’re about to learn.
Inspired by:
Gardner, Martin - The New Ambidextrous Universe: Symmetry and Asymmetry from Mirror Reflections to Superstrings
Check out It's Lit: Unabridged, a new podcast from PBS:
iTunes: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/....podcast/its-lit-unab
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/....4XOCT3jhB12mYcbA15h7
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I’ve explained a lot of weird bodily functions on this show but there’s one that we haven’t covered that’s always confused me: Tickling. What are you for, tickling? What’s the point of you? Why do you exist? Why do you make us laugh even though we hate you? Let’s dig into our evolutionary past to try and find an answer.
References:
Laughing, tickling, and speech http://untiredwithloving.org/dhahak.pdf
Pathogenic laughter https://n.neurology.org/content/64/12/2154.short
Tickling review http://charris.ucsd.edu/articl....es/Harris_EHB2012.pd
Darwin-Hecker http://charris.ucsd.edu/articles/Harris&Christenfeld_CE1997.pdf
Early thoughts https://www.jstor.org/stable/1....411471?seq=1#page_sc
Neural correlates of laughter https://academic.oup.com/cerco....r/article/23/6/1280/
Neural correlates of laughter https://academic.oup.com/brain..../article/126/10/2121 Experience of pleasure https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6877978
Tickling and laughter https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
Ticklish rats https://science.sciencemag.org..../content/354/6313/75
Social laughter and pain https://royalsocietypublishing.....org/doi/full/10.109
Special thanks to our Brain Trust Patrons:
AlecZero
Oliver and Arden Bradshaw
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What do raindrops look like? Exactly how we drew them as kids, right? Wrong! Teardrop-shaped rain is physically impossible. This week I went inside a vertical wind tunnel to bring you the true shape of rain.
Special thanks to iFly Indoor Skydiving in Austin, TX! Learn more about their STEM field trips: https://www.iflyworld.com/prog....rams/stem-field-trip
REFERENCES:
Dr. Scot Martin, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry at Harvard University https://www.seas.harvard.edu/directory/smartin
Terminal Velocity of Raindrops Aloft
https://journals.ametsoc.org/d....oi/10.1175/1520-0450
The Terminal Velocity of Fall for Water Droplets in Stagnant Air
https://journals.ametsoc.org/d....oi/pdf/10.1175/1520-
Single-Drop Fragmentation Determines Size Distribution of Raindrops
https://www.nature.com/articles/nphys1340
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Sarah Keartes
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Our lizard friend the Gila monster probably has no idea that a chemical in its spit inspired one of the most important medical advancements of the 21st century. But this story is really about something bigger. Something deeper, beneath the surface. About why we do science in the first place. And about what kind of questions are the best ones for scientists to ask.
References: https://sites.google.com/view/....useless-knowledge-re
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If bees go, will they take us with them?
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Bees, wild and domesticated, are in big trouble. Bee colonies are dying off at alarming rates, and the cause isn't clear. Pesticides, habitat loss, disease… there's a laundry list of likely culprits. We rely on these tiny pollinators for a majority of our fruits, veggies, and nuts… if they disappear, could we be next?
LINKS/SOURCES:
Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, pesticides, and lack of flowers (Science, 2015) http://www.sciencemag.org/cont....ent/347/6229/1255957
What's killing America's bees? http://journals.plos.org/plosb....iology/article?id=10
Anand Varma's TED talk on saving bees: http://www.ted.com/talks/anand...._varma_a_thrilling_l
The White House's 2015 Pollinator Action Plan: http://journalistsresource.org..../studies/environment
Colony collapse disorder: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C....olony_collapse_disor
Report of the commissioner of agriculture (1868): https://archive.org/details/reportofcommis00unit
Summary of colony collapse disorder: http://journalistsresource.org..../studies/environment
Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment or check us out at the links below!
Follow on Twitter: http://twitter.com/okaytobesmart
http://twitter.com/jtotheizzoe
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It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.DFollow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
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For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios
Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Theme music: "Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks
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Last week's video:
The Energy Series! https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLsmqeqKj7M-
More videos:
Why Does February Have 28 Days? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgKaHTh-_Gs
Why Vaccines Work https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aNhzLUL2ys
Why Are Some People Left-Handed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPvMUpcxPSA
Where Does the Smell of Rain Come From? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGcE5x8s0B8
Yep. Goats!
↓ More info and sources below ↓
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Who are those people in the intro? Say hi to Joe Nicolosi (director) and Katie Graham (camera)!
Goat field of vision: http://blogs.lifeandscience.org/keepers/tag/pupil/
Goat pupil shape: http://www.journalofvision.org..../content/13/9/607.sh
Radiolab story about a goat on a cow: http://www.radiolab.org/story/224292-behind-goat/
"Fainting goat" syndrome: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myotonia_congenita
Goats have "accents": http://www.thedailybeast.com/c....heats/2012/02/16/stu
Goat tastebuds: http://bit.ly/1zFxhiY
Goat diet: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat#Diet
How goats climb so well: http://www.asknature.org/strat....egy/719058a39eea5af7
Billy Whiskers: http://www.childrensbooksonlin....e.org/Billy_Whiskers
In case you're curious, the star cluster in the thumbnail is Messier 30, which is in the Capricorn constellation, because goats.
Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Camera
Editing/Motion Graphics - Andrew Matthews
Gaffer - John Knudsen/Philip Sheldon
Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Stock images via Shutterstock
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
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Pluto's not just cool… it's ICE COLD
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↓ More info and sources below ↓
Since New Horizons flew by Pluto on July 14, 2015, it's completely redefined what we know about the dwarf planet and its largest moon Charon. New Horizons' mission will continue to be full of surprises, but here's what we've learned so far
T-SHIRTS! http://dftba.com/besmart
Unless otherwise noted, all images and animations courtesy of NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
MORE NEW HORIZONS STUFF:
Calculate your Pluto time: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/plutotime/
New Horizons image gallery: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_p....ages/newhorizons/ima
Planetary Society New Horizons news: http://www.planetary.org/blogs..../blog-archive.html?k
Nadia Drake's excellent New Horizons coverage: http://phenomena.nationalgeogr....aphic.com/search/plu
Pluto and Charon are weird: http://news.nationalgeographic.....com/2015/07/150715-
What kind of ices are on Pluto? http://space.io9.com/the-ice-o....f-pluto-is-more-dive
Pluto's hazy atmosphere: https://www.nasa.gov/press-rel....ease/nasa-s-new-hori
Geologic features of Pluto and Charon: http://space.io9.com/were-acti....vely-creating-the-ge
What are tholins? Why Pluto looks red: http://www.planetary.org/blogs..../guest-blogs/2015/07
Pluto's other moons, Nix and Hydra: http://www.nasa.gov/image-feat....ure/new-horizons-cap
Pluto's family portrait: http://www.planetary.org/multi....media/space-images/s
Dwarf planets of the solar system: http://www.space.com/18584-dwa....rf-planets-solar-sys
Catalog of unusual "minor planet objects" in solar system: http://www.minorplanetcenter.n....et/iau/lists/Unusual
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Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Producer
Stephen Bohls - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Camera
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Theme music: "Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod
Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks
PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateOKAY
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When is now? Seems like a pretty simple question… just look at your watch. But do you and I share the same “now”? Let’s journey from Einstein’s thought experiments about relativity to cutting edge neuroscience research to try and answer that question.
References: https://sites.google.com/view/....when-is-now-referenc
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How do we protect what we don’t know exists?
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How many species are there on Earth? In biology, this is one of a fundamental question that we still don’t have a very good answer for. Imagine if chemists didn’t know all the elements of the periodic table, or if physicists didn’t know all of the particles of the standard model. Knowing how many different species there are is information we need to know in order to protect the environment, but it’s a lot harder than you think!
Check out last week’s video, where we find a weird caterpillar in the Peruvian Amazon and ask “How do you discover a new species?”
LEARN MORE:
Costello, Mark J., Robert M. May, and Nigel E. Stork. "Can we name Earth's species before they go extinct?." Science 339.6118 (2013): 413-416.
Locey, Kenneth J., and Jay T. Lennon. "Scaling laws predict global microbial diversity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2016): 201521291.
May, Robert M. "The future of biological diversity in a crowded world." Current Science 82.11 (2002): 1325-1330.
May, Robert M. "How many species inhabit the earth." Scientific American 267.4 (1992): 42-48.
Mora, Camilo, et al. "How many species are there on Earth and in the ocean?." PLoS Biol 9.8 (2011): e1001127.
Stork, Nigel E. "How many species are there?." Biodiversity and Conservation 2.3 (1993): 215-232.
FOLLOW US:
It’s Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Editor/animator/producer: Andrew Matthews
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox
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Twitter: @okaytobesmart @DrJoeHanson
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Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock http://www.shutterstock.com
PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateOKAY
↓ More info and sources below ↓
Thanks to Brilliant for supporting PBS. Learn more at: https://brilliant.org/BeSmart
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Half a century ago, astronauts got on top of a really big rocket and sent a tiny little capsule on a 384,000 km trip to the moon and back. And they were able to do it because a lot of extremely smart and dedicated people pushed engineering and chemistry to the limits in order to create a 36-story tower of carefully-controlled space fire powerful enough to escape Earth’s gravity. I went to NASA in Houston to talk to astronaut Don Pettit about how they did it, and if we’ll be able to do it again.
Special thanks to Don Pettit and NASA
Special thanks to our Brain Trust Patrons:
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