Science


Levers are a type of simple machine that allows you to multiply your work. In this video, I illustrate a 1st class lever, a 2nd class lever, and a third-class lever.
The type of lever depends on the location of the effort, fulcrum, and load.
I also go over an easy method you can use to help memorize the types of levers.
Types of levers with examples
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/12/how-to-easil


Pathway of Air Flow
Our journey of oxygen into the lungs and back begins when the brain stem sends a message to the diaphragm which is a muscle under the lungs.
As the diaphragm moves down the lungs expand.
Air enters the nose and mouth and enters the nasal passages.
Your nose and nasal passages have tiny hairs called cilia and mucus that help filter dirt and pollen out of the air.
The air next moves to the pharynx which is located at (the back of the mouth)
From the pharynx, it moves to the larynx which is commonly called the voice box.
the voice box (makes sounds when air
passes over the vocal cords)
Epiglottis: the flap of connective tissue that covers
over the larynx during breathing
It stands open during breathing, allowing air into the larynx. During swallowing, it closes to prevent choking on food
From the larynx, air travels to the Trachea which is a rigid tube made of cartilage.
The trachea leads into two tubes called the left and right bronchus
These tubes continue to branch until you reach a tiny air sac called a alveoli
At the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the capillaries and carbon dioxide diffuse into the alveoli and is exhaled.
This process is repeated over and over again.
Updated Version
https://youtu.be/k-BkmhLD42U


Genotype and phenotypesYour genotype is your genetic code of your cells. This genetic code is responsible for many of your traits. The physical expression of your genotype is your phenotype.
Your genetic information is stored in your chromosomes on sections called genes.
A gene is a portion of DNA that codes for a trait.
The following picture illustrates this.
If you look at this drawing of a gene, the different sections are your genes.
In genetics you will encounter these three types of genotypes.
Homozygous dominant is written BB
Homozygous recessive bb
Heterozygous Bb
For each trait you get some information from mom and some from dad.
The different forms of the same trait are called alleles.
Take a look at the different hair texture. These different forms are alleles. It is still hair, just different forms.
A dominant allele will cover up or mask a recessive allele.
You will only get a recessive allele if both alleles are recessive.
Your phenotype is the actual expression of the genotype.
For example this dog has a round nose, this cat has black hair. These are physical expression of the genetic code.
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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an


Freshwater biomes are ecosystems take contain water with a low salinity.
In this video, I cover rivers and streams, lakes and ponds, and wetlands.
Rivers are bodies of water that are moving. They begin at the headwater and usually dump. into a larger body of water.
Lakes and ponds can be small or very large bodies of water.
Wetlands include a marsh,swamp, bog or fen.
You may enjoy ..
What is a river delta?
https://youtu.be/lWgP6vN5s2c


The Metric System is a system of measurement used in the scientific community. It refers to SI units of measurement. It involves units of measure, prefixes, and is a decimal system based on 10.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/07/the-metric-s
Summary with Pictures
https://moomoomath.com/a-begin....ners-guide-to-the-me
Measuring Temperature
https://youtu.be/TIShPqStCEw


The Phosphorus Cycle is essential for life on Earth. It is considered a biogeochemical cycle.
In the video, I cover the phosphorus cycle steps.
Phosphorus is not found in the atmosphere but is found in rocks and is released by weathering.
Plants and animals absorb the phosphorus that is washed into the soil.
Eventually, the phosphorus is washed into sediment that is compressed into rock.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/09/phosphorus-c
Biogeochemical Cycles - How the Earth Recycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem


Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment.
It is a desirable state of equilibrium
In order to help you understand homeostasis let’s take a look at a couple of examples.
Healthy individuals maintain a temperature around 98.6 degree Fahrenheit. If it is hot outside your body cools itself, if it is cold outside it still maintains this temperature. If it is not able to maintain this temperature bad things can happen.
You may enjoy ...
Homeostasis in cells
https://youtu.be/vyjB56l0RfU
Homeostasis Explained Clearly
https://youtu.be/fgFwdpd-PAg


Difference between habitat and niche-Ecology
A habitat is an ecological area where a plant or animal lives. It may be an island, a tree, or rock ledge. The habitat is where an individual can find food, shelter, protection, and mates.
A niche is a role or position that an individual has in its environment. A niche may also involve what the individual eats, how it interacts with other living things, and also how it interacts with the non-living factors.
I have taught at the same school for many years and the same room for many of these years. This would be my habitat. I teach Life Science at this building and this is my niche. Mrs. English teaches English and Mr. Kay teaches social studies. We all live in the same habitat and we all have our own niche.
Let’s take a look at a real world example.
The Galapagos Islands are islands located 605 miles to the west of South America. There are several types of finches that live on the islands. Their habitat would be the Galapagos Islands and the different Finches have their own niches. The different finches eat different types of food.
The warbler finch has a thin beak for eating insects. A ground finch has a short beak for eating seeds left on the ground.
Cactus finches eat cacti seeds.
Each Finch has their own niche that allows them to survive and prosper in the same habitat as other finches.
For more information
https://moomoomath.com/biologi....cal-niche-and-habita


In this video, I cover 4 differents methods for determining which fraction is the largest.
Method 1. Is the one method. If the difference between the numerator and the denominator is 1, then the fraction with the largest numerator is the largest fraction.
Method 2. You can cross multiple and the largest product is the largest fraction.
Method 3. You can divide the numerator ( top number) by the denominator (bottom number) in order to create a decimal and compare decimals.
Method 4. You can find a common denominator and divide the denominator into this number and then multiply the numerator by the product. This allows you to compare similar fractions.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2023/02/how-to-deter


Learn the diference between saturated,unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions.
Science Standard
When you have an unsaturated solution less solute then the solution is capable of dissolving is mixed in.
With a saturated solution there is so much solute present that if you were to add any more it will not dissolve and excess salt will fall to the bottom of the container.
If you mix in 40 grams of salt at 90 degrees into 100 grams of water.
A supersaturated solution contains more than the maximum amount of dissolved solute then the solvent is able to dissolve at a given temperature.
S8P1.a Develop and use a model to compare and contrast pure substances (elements and compounds) and mixtures.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/11/saturated-un


Animal Crossword Puzzle
http://www.moomoomath.com/animal-crossword.html
Kingdom Animalia Characteristics-Animal Kingdom
The kingdom Animalia comprises of most of the organisms we face daily. Your pet dog belongs to the kingdom, along with snakes, frogs, cats, and humans.
There is a huge variety of creatures in this kingdom, but animals have these common characteristics.
All animals are eukaryotes this means the have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
All animals are multicellular
All are heterotrophs
No cell wall
Two major categories.
Vertebrates which have a backbone and invertebrates that do not.
Invertebrates don't have a backbone or spine.
They include your sponges, cnidarians,several types of worms, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms starfish,sea cucumber,sea urchins
Most of the animals on the planet are invertebrates.
Vertebrates have a backbone. Examples include,
Lancelets,lampreys,various kinds fish,amphibians,reptiles,birds, and mammals.
Animals are found on every continent and also have adaptations that help them survive.
Keywords: kingdom Animalia examples
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arthropoda
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echinodermata
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mammalia
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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an