Levers are a type of simple machine that allows you to multiply your work. In this video, I illustrate a 1st class lever, a 2nd class lever, and a third-class lever.
The type of lever depends on the location of the effort, fulcrum, and load.
I also go over an easy method you can use to help memorize the types of levers.

Types of levers with examples
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/12/how-to-easil

Pathway of Air Flow
Our journey of oxygen into the lungs and back begins when the brain stem sends a message to the diaphragm which is a muscle under the lungs.
As the diaphragm moves down the lungs expand.

Air enters the nose and mouth and enters the nasal passages.
Your nose and nasal passages have tiny hairs called cilia and mucus that help filter dirt and pollen out of the air.
The air next moves to the pharynx which is located at (the back of the mouth)
From the pharynx, it moves to the larynx which is commonly called the voice box.
the voice box (makes sounds when air
passes over the vocal cords)
Epiglottis: the flap of connective tissue that covers
over the larynx during breathing
It stands open during breathing, allowing air into the larynx. During swallowing, it closes to prevent choking on food

From the larynx, air travels to the Trachea which is a rigid tube made of cartilage.
The trachea leads into two tubes called the left and right bronchus
These tubes continue to branch until you reach a tiny air sac called a alveoli
At the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the capillaries and carbon dioxide diffuse into the alveoli and is exhaled.
This process is repeated over and over again.
Updated Version
https://youtu.be/k-BkmhLD42U

Your metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in your body.

Genotype and phenotypesYour genotype is your genetic code of your cells. This genetic code is responsible for many of your traits. The physical expression of your genotype is your phenotype.


Your genetic information is stored in your chromosomes on sections called genes.
A gene is a portion of DNA that codes for a trait.
The following picture illustrates this.
If you look at this drawing of a gene, the different sections are your genes.
In genetics you will encounter these three types of genotypes.
Homozygous dominant is written BB
Homozygous recessive bb
Heterozygous Bb
For each trait you get some information from mom and some from dad.
The different forms of the same trait are called alleles.
Take a look at the different hair texture. These different forms are alleles. It is still hair, just different forms.
A dominant allele will cover up or mask a recessive allele.
You will only get a recessive allele if both alleles are recessive.
Your phenotype is the actual expression of the genotype.
For example this dog has a round nose, this cat has black hair. These are physical expression of the genetic code.

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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

Sir Isaac Newton—who lived in the 1600’s developed 3 laws to describe all states of motion.
Law 1 or the law of Inertia states that matter wants to resist any change in motion.
A. If an object is at rest, it wants to stay at rest.
B. If an object in motion wants to stay in motion.
C. The more mass an object has, the greater the inertia it has.

These dominoes will stay at rest forever unless an outside force acts on it like this push from someones hand
D.Let’s see this law in action After the player punts the ball, due to inertia, what does the ball want to keep doing? ___Go in motion_______________________________ Why doesn’t it? ______________
__Air friction gravity other forces act on it
In order for an object to change its motion, what must happen?

Why is the car hard to push?
The car wants to stay at rest and has a larger mass than the man trying to push it.

Law 2

Based on these observations, Newton came up with a law to describe acceleration.
Newton’s 2nd Law: “The acceleration of an object depends on the force acting on it and the mass of the object

There is an equation associated with this law:

F= ma
Force = mass multiplied by acceleration

Look at this golf swing
The golf club has a high rate of acceleration and strikes the golf ball with great force

The hammer has a greater mass and acceleration than the piggy bank

Law Three

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion --“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Look closely at this jellyfish swimming
He moves his body backward but moves forward because the water exerts a force in the opposite direction which moves the jellyfish forward

Same with the skateboard
The foot is pushing backward but the skateboard is going forward

Malleability and Ductility-- Malleability and Ductility
Malleability is the ability of an object to be hammered into shapes.
Most metals are malleable.
Copper, gold, and silver are very malleable.
Ductility is the ability of an object to be stretched into wires.
Ductility and malleability are physical properties.

Freshwater biomes are ecosystems take contain water with a low salinity.
In this video, I cover rivers and streams, lakes and ponds, and wetlands.
Rivers are bodies of water that are moving. They begin at the headwater and usually dump. into a larger body of water.
Lakes and ponds can be small or very large bodies of water.
Wetlands include a marsh,swamp, bog or fen.

You may enjoy ..
What is a river delta?
https://youtu.be/lWgP6vN5s2c

The Metric System is a system of measurement used in the scientific community. It refers to SI units of measurement. It involves units of measure, prefixes, and is a decimal system based on 10.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/07/the-metric-s

Summary with Pictures
https://moomoomath.com/a-begin....ners-guide-to-the-me

Measuring Temperature
https://youtu.be/TIShPqStCEw

In this video, I explain balanced and unbalanced forces from a physics viewpoint.
Balanced forces do not cause movement or a change in speed.
Unbalanced forces cause an object to move in the direction of the greater force.

Examples of balanced forces acting on an object

Pool balls that are balanced being struck by an unbalanced force.
Lifting weights The downward pull of gravity is balanced by the resistance force of the weight stand.
Using a car jack creates an unbalanced force upward.
A car at rest being struck by another car causes the forces to be unbalanced and movement in the direction of the force.

The Phosphorus Cycle is essential for life on Earth. It is considered a biogeochemical cycle.
In the video, I cover the phosphorus cycle steps.
Phosphorus is not found in the atmosphere but is found in rocks and is released by weathering.
Plants and animals absorb the phosphorus that is washed into the soil.
Eventually, the phosphorus is washed into sediment that is compressed into rock.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/09/phosphorus-c

Biogeochemical Cycles - How the Earth Recycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

A simple test to see if a number is prime or composite. All you do is find the square root of the number. Next, find all the prime numbers of this number. If none of these prime numbers are a factor of the number then the number is prime.

How do thunderstorms form? In this video, I will cover the basics of these exciting storms.Here is how a thunderstorm forms
Step 1 Warm moist air is heated and begins to rise upward.
Step 2 As this warm air rises it begins to cool, condenses and begins to form clouds
Step 3 This warm air will continue to rise and will encounter cold air which will cool the moisture in the clouds and ice may form
Step 4 Eventually the cooled moisture and ice will begin to fall to the earth This action creates a downdraft
5. The updrafts continue feeding warm humid air and the falling moisture create downdrafts. This creates convection currents. You can see what convection currents look like. The warm water is in red and the cool water is blue.
These convection currents create the most violent stage of the thunderstorm
Lightning and strong winds are produced
6. Eventually the downdrafts will stop the updrafts of warm air
7 When the warm moist air is cut off the storm begins to dye off

There are three main types of thunderstorms; orographic, air mass, and frontal.

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment.
It is a desirable state of equilibrium

In order to help you understand homeostasis let’s take a look at a couple of examples.
Healthy individuals maintain a temperature around 98.6 degree Fahrenheit. If it is hot outside your body cools itself, if it is cold outside it still maintains this temperature. If it is not able to maintain this temperature bad things can happen.

You may enjoy ...
Homeostasis in cells
https://youtu.be/vyjB56l0RfU

Homeostasis Explained Clearly
https://youtu.be/fgFwdpd-PAg

Difference between habitat and niche-Ecology

A habitat is an ecological area where a plant or animal lives. It may be an island, a tree, or rock ledge. The habitat is where an individual can find food, shelter, protection, and mates.
A niche is a role or position that an individual has in its environment. A niche may also involve what the individual eats, how it interacts with other living things, and also how it interacts with the non-living factors.

I have taught at the same school for many years and the same room for many of these years. This would be my habitat. I teach Life Science at this building and this is my niche. Mrs. English teaches English and Mr. Kay teaches social studies. We all live in the same habitat and we all have our own niche.
Let’s take a look at a real world example.

The Galapagos Islands are islands located 605 miles to the west of South America. There are several types of finches that live on the islands. Their habitat would be the Galapagos Islands and the different Finches have their own niches. The different finches eat different types of food.

The warbler finch has a thin beak for eating insects. A ground finch has a short beak for eating seeds left on the ground.
Cactus finches eat cacti seeds.
Each Finch has their own niche that allows them to survive and prosper in the same habitat as other finches.
For more information
https://moomoomath.com/biologi....cal-niche-and-habita ‎

In this math lesson, you will learn how to tell time on an analog clock. In this lesson, we will focus on reading the short or hour hand and the long minute hand.
We will learn three easy steps to tell time.
Start at the small hand
Write two dots
Read the large hand.

An organ is a group of two or more tissue that works together to complete a common function.
Your body has around 78 organs.
In this video, I will cover several major organs.

The brain is the boss of your body. It runs the show and controls just about everything you do, even when you're asleep

The heart is a very strong muscle made of cardiac muscle that helps pump your blood throughout your body.

The kidneys are very important because they filter your blood and produce urine.

The spleen filters blood and acts like disease detectives. It also produces antibodies and lymphocytes which fight germs.

The Small and Large intestines are a major site of digestion. The small intestine is responsible for 90 percent of digestion. At the same time, the large intestines absorb salts, mineral, and vitamins.

The Liver Is a large organ with over 200 functions. It produces bile which helps with digestion, stores glycogen, and filters your blood to eliminate harmful bacteria and damaged cells.

The gallbladder stores the bile produced by the liver

Your stomach Is a site of digestion of the food we eat. After chewing our food it travels down the esophagus to the stomach.

The pancreas helps to regulate the blood sugar level of your body.

The skin protects us from disease,removes waste, and helps control our temperature.


Finally, the Lungs are responsible for exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide

In this video, I cover 4 differents methods for determining which fraction is the largest.
Method 1. Is the one method. If the difference between the numerator and the denominator is 1, then the fraction with the largest numerator is the largest fraction.

Method 2. You can cross multiple and the largest product is the largest fraction.

Method 3. You can divide the numerator ( top number) by the denominator (bottom number) in order to create a decimal and compare decimals.

Method 4. You can find a common denominator and divide the denominator into this number and then multiply the numerator by the product. This allows you to compare similar fractions.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2023/02/how-to-deter

Learn the diference between saturated,unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions.
Science Standard
When you have an unsaturated solution less solute then the solution is capable of dissolving is mixed in.
With a saturated solution there is so much solute present that if you were to add any more it will not dissolve and excess salt will fall to the bottom of the container.
If you mix in 40 grams of salt at 90 degrees into 100 grams of water.

A supersaturated solution contains more than the maximum amount of dissolved solute then the solvent is able to dissolve at a given temperature.

S8P1.a Develop and use a model to compare and contrast pure substances (elements and compounds) and mixtures.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/11/saturated-un

Animal Crossword Puzzle
http://www.moomoomath.com/animal-crossword.html

Kingdom Animalia Characteristics-Animal Kingdom
The kingdom Animalia comprises of most of the organisms we face daily. Your pet dog belongs to the kingdom, along with snakes, frogs, cats, and humans.
There is a huge variety of creatures in this kingdom, but animals have these common characteristics.
All animals are eukaryotes this means the have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
All animals are multicellular
All are heterotrophs
No cell wall
Two major categories.
Vertebrates which have a backbone and invertebrates that do not.
Invertebrates don't have a backbone or spine.
They include your sponges, cnidarians,several types of worms, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms starfish,sea cucumber,sea urchins
Most of the animals on the planet are invertebrates.
Vertebrates have a backbone. Examples include,
Lancelets,lampreys,various kinds fish,amphibians,reptiles,birds, and mammals.
Animals are found on every continent and also have adaptations that help them survive.

Keywords: kingdom Animalia examples
characteristics
animals facts
arthropoda
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classes
examples of organisms
echinodermata
biology
Animal kingdom life cycle
mammalia
heterotrophic

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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

How are concave and convex lenses different?
A convex lens is thicker in the middle compared to the edges. It is also called a converging lens because the rays and bent together. A convex lens is also called a positive lens because of the location of the focal point.
A concave lens is thinner in the middle compared to the edges.
It is called a diverging lens because the rays of light spread out.
A concave lens also is called a negative lens because the focal point is behind the lens.