Learn which type of graph is best four your data. A line graph is helpful for data over time, and a bar graph is helpful for categories. This helps you decide which graph is best for data visualization and which type of graph to use.

Learn all about the largest phylum of organisms, the arthropods.
Arthropods have an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages.
Common arthropods are insects, crabs, ants, and lobsters.

Arthropods
https://moomoomath.com/charact....eristics-of-arthropo

Equivalent Fractions look different but measure the same thing! I place several equivalent fractions on a number line in order to help you see that they measure the same things. Remember, a fraction measures parts of a whole.

Mountains can form through folding, volcanism, and faulting.
Folded mountains form when rock layers are squeezed together and are pushed upward.
Many folded mountains occur at convergent boundaries where continental crust collide
The Himalayas stretch through the borders of China, Nepal, India, and Pakistan is the most towering mountain range on Earth,
Volcanic mountains are created when melted rock erupts onto the earth’s surface. Many volcanic mountains occur at convergent boundaries. Most of the active volcanoes on earth are concentrated around the edge of the pacific ocean.
Fault block mountains form when tension causes the lithosphere to break into normal faults.
At normal faults, the lithosphere drops down. The pieces left standing form fault-block mountains.

How do thunderstorms form? In this video, I will cover the basics of these exciting storms.Here is how a thunderstorm forms
Step 1 Warm moist air is heated and begins to rise upward.
Step 2 As this warm air rises it begins to cool, condenses and begins to form clouds
Step 3 This warm air will continue to rise and will encounter cold air which will cool the moisture in the clouds and ice may form
Step 4 Eventually the cooled moisture and ice will begin to fall to the earth This action creates a downdraft
5. The updrafts continue feeding warm humid air and the falling moisture create downdrafts. This creates convection currents. You can see what convection currents look like. The warm water is in red and the cool water is blue.
These convection currents create the most violent stage of the thunderstorm
Lightning and strong winds are produced
6. Eventually the downdrafts will stop the updrafts of warm air
7 When the warm moist air is cut off the storm begins to dye off

There are three main types of thunderstorms; orographic, air mass, and frontal.

The structure and function of the small intestines. This coiled organ which is part of the digestive system is found roughly behind your belly button.
How large is the small intestine? About 22 or 23 feet long.
The intestines are divided into 3 parts. The duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum
The small intestines also contain hairlike projections called villi that help absorb nutrients

Learn how biogeochemical cycles work. Important elements along with molecules like water are conserved by moving between living factors called biotic factors and abiotic factors which are nonliving factors. You can remember the elements that have biogeochemical cycles using CHNOPS
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur.
Each of these elements has its own unique cycle and path from biotic and abiotic factors.

Biogeochemical Cycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

The hydrologic cycle (water cycle) recycles water on earth. The water cycle drives our weather and allows life to exist on earth. Let ’s start with the evaporation of water from the surface of the ocean.
As moist air is lifted, it cools and water vapor condenses to form clouds. In fact, clouds are made up of tiny water droplets and ice crystals that are so small they can float in the air.
This moisture in the atmosphere may be transported around the globe until it returns to the surface as precipitation.
Precipitation may take the form of rain, snow, sleet or hail. Once the water reaches the ground, one of two processes may occur, some of the water may evaporate back into the atmosphere or the water may penetrate the surface and become groundwater. The groundwater may take several different paths.
Groundwater either seeps its way to into the oceans, rivers, and streams, or into an aquifer which is a body of saturated rock through which water can easily move, or it may be released back into the atmosphere through transpiration.
Transpiration occurs when leaves from trees and other vegetation give off water vapor through pores in their leaves.
Some water on the earth’s surface is not absorbed by plants or become groundwater and becomes surface runoff, which empties into lakes, rivers and streams and is carried back to the oceans, where the cycle begins again.

Biogeochemical Cycles - How the Earth Recycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

Estuaries are bodies of water in which salt and fresh water mix.
Estuaries have been called the "nurseries of the seas because they provide a safe area for fish, birds, and other animals to raise their young.

Estuaries can be classified based on their geographical features. The four main types include bar-built , coastal plain, tectonic esturary, and
fjord type estuary.

Updated version
https://youtu.be/ost7xq2MjVQ

Heat is the transfer of energy from objects of different temperatures. As objects warm-up or cool down their kinetic energy changes. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
In this video, I focus on three ways heat can be transferred,
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.
Conduction involves direct contact between objects and usually occurs among solids.

Convection is caused by unequal heating and the density of the different objects causes movement of fluid away from the heat source.

Radiation occurs without objects touching and occurs in space.
For example, the energy of the sun warms objects on Earth due to radiation.

I show several examples or demonstrations for each type of heat transfer.

Conduction, Convection, Radiation
https://moomoomath.com/conduct....ion-convection-radia

Macromolecules are large molecules that help keep the cell alive. What are macromolecules? You may also hear the term biomolecules to describe these large molecules
Cells of animals and most living organisms have four main macromolecules that help keep their cells alive and functioning properly.
The four main macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/07/beginners-gu

Anaerobic Respiration Fermentation

Anaerobic respiration, also called fermentation, occurs when cells need energy but there is no oxygen for aerobic respiration. As a result, cells convert glucose into either ethanol or lactic acid.
Alcoholic respiration occurs in plants and yeast.
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in animals.

In this video, I review the major types of weathering of rocks.
Weathering of rocks is a physical or chemical change that changes the characteristics of rock on earth.
There are two major types
Physical weathering which involves breaking rocks into smaller fragments caused by environmental factors
Chemical weathering changes which involve rocks being changed into new substances or new minerals chemically.
Thanks for stopping by MoMooMath and Science. You can find additional information on weathering here.
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/04/physical-and

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Weathering-Erosion-Deposition
https://youtu.be/fLDjARWZmCA

Acceleration is the measure of the change in velocity over time. The change in velocity can be a change in speed, direction or both.

The formula for average acceleration is
Final velocity-Initial Velocity over Time it takes to change

Acceleration is expressed in meters per second squared

Learn how to divide decimals. The key is to make sure the divisor doesn't have a decimal. You can always move the decimal to the right, but if you move the decimal for the divisor you need to also move the decimal of the dividend.

You may enjoy ...
How to multiply decimals
https://youtube.com/shorts/dIWA9g1xCvY

Protein synthesis in simple terms. I cover the steps of transcription and translation. The overall process involves DNA unzipping when RNA polymerase attaches and a strand of RNA is created. Rna is different than DNA because it contains the base Uracil instead of Thymine. This step is called transcription.
I next show the difference between transcription and translation by showing how the mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome.
At the ribosome codons and anticodons put the amino acids together in the correct order to form the protein.

Translation Practice
https://youtu.be/_t1f1vRnCEo

Mesozoic EraIn this video I would like to talk about the Mesozoic era on the geologic time scale.
The Mesozoic era is part of the Phanerozoic Eon along with the Paleozoic and Cenozoic eras.
Mesozoic means “middle animals” and is a time of rapid change.
This era has also been called the age of reptiles and age of dinosaurs
The Mesozoic era was roughly 65 million years to 250 million years ago.
Let’s hit several highlights of this era
The Mesozoic era began after a mass extinction.
The shape of the continents looked different. At the beginning of this era, there was a super
Continent called Pangea. Over time this supercontinent broke apart and the continents started drifting apart.
The climate was warmer than today
The first mammals appear but are very small and they don’t begin to thrive until the Cenozoic era.
Dinosaurs also appear and begin to scatter and prosper.
The dinosaur population peaks during this era.
However, at the end of this era, the dinosaurs die off
The first birds appear and begin to scatter throughout the world.
The dominant plant is a cone-bearing tree and plants
At the end of this era, flowering plants begin to appear
So there we go the Mesozoic era,
Dinosaurs and cone-bearing plants

3 Laws of motion
in this video, I cover real-life examples of the three laws of motion.
Law 1 or the law of Inertia—states that matter wants to resist any change in motion
The speed or motion of an object will not change unless an outside force acts on it.
For example, this bowling ball would travel in straight line forever, but the friction of the floor, and air, plus the pins are outside forces and change the velocity of the bowling ball.
Astronauts appear to float in space because there is very little gravity pulling down on them So when they change their velocity upward the force of gravity is not pulling down on them and they can float.

If you are driving a car and it hits another car, the car stops but the people inside keep moving forward.
The outside force has acted on the car and not the person in the car. This is the same way a catapult works. The lever stops but the object keeps moving.

Law 2 of Motion

Newton’s 2nd Law: “The acceleration of an object depends on the force acting on it_ and the mass of the object

There is an equation associated with this law:

F= ma
Force = mass multiplied by acceleration

Think of shopping for groceries. The mass of an empty shopping cart is less than a full shopping cart so takes much less force to push the empty cart compared to pushing a cart that is filled up with stuff

Law Three

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion --“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

As the boy jumps down on the trampoline the trampoline pushes back in the opposite direction and causes the boy to go in the opposite direction.

As the balloon hits the ground the ground pushes back in an opposite direction which causes the balloon to change direction and move in the opposite direction.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XNJDJTvenY

Wetlands are transitional lands between lands and other bodies of water.
There are four main types of wetlands
Marsh
Swamp
Fen
Bog
You may also enjoy: Freshwater Ecosystems
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwP1zxnKb14

Your vision allows you to see the world around you.
Light passes through your cornea through your pupil, which is controlled by your cornea to your retina.
Your brain then takes this information and converts it to an image.
Key Vocabulary covered
Iris, cornea, pupil, rods, cones, retina, vision, occipital lobe, optic nerve
Transcript of the video
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/02/how-does-hum