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Dr. Baranwal will address four key points about the (1) range of issues facing the existing fleet of nuclear power plants; (2) barriers and opportunities for the deployment and construction of advanced reactors, including small modular reactor designs enabled by the DOE’s Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program; (3) challenges and opportunities in the critical fuel cycle infrastructure; and (4) challenges and opportunities for global competitiveness of U.S. nuclear technology.
Speaker bio
Dr. Rita Baranwal serves as the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Nuclear Energy in the U.S. Department of Energy. Prior to her current role, Dr. Baranwal directed the Gateway for Accelerated Innovation in Nuclear (GAIN) initiative at Idaho National Laboratory.
Dr. Baranwal is a Fellow of the American Nuclear Society. She has a bachelor’s degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in materials science and engineering and a master’s degree and Ph.D. in the same discipline from the University of Michigan.
How does a nuclear reactor provide energy? What causes a nuclear meltdown? And how do we make this safe?
All of these questions are answered in this 'Radioactivity' video from The Fuse School GCSE / K12.
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Nuclear power plants obtain the heat needed to produce steam through a physical process. This process, called fission, entails the splitting of atoms of uranium in a nuclear reactor. The uranium fuel consists of small, hard ceramic pellets that are packaged into long, vertical tubes.
Nuclei | Nuclear Reactor | Class 12 Physics | Learn with K12Aspire
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Some people think radiation is a scary word but really is just the movement of particles or waves through space, learn all about nuclear radiation in this GCSE / K12 video.
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A boiling water reactor uses 235U, enriched as uranium dioxide, as its fuel. The fuel is assembled into rods housed in a steel vessel that is submerged in water. The nuclear fission causes the water to boil, generating steam.
In a nuclear power reactor, the energy released is used as heat to make steam to generate electricity. (In a research reactor the main purpose is to utilise the actual neutrons produced in the core. In most naval reactors, steam drives a turbine directly for propulsion.)
A lot of people talk about it, but what is it anyway?
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Simpsons Footage from Season 4, Episode 12 "Marge Vs. The Monorail" from Fox
Family Guy Footage from Season 13, Episode 1 "The Simpsons Guy" from Fox
Other footage:
Jet fuel burning (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VzupfyrWiew)
Magnox nuclear train crash test (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KL-xHrCIvMA)
Missile strike test (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jBp1FNceTTA)
Radioactive waste disposal (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QXSkXHDZgU)
Black Rainbow by Pitx (http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/Pitx/19513)
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"What does the future of nuclear science look like?" Find out from Sarah Don, a graduate student in Nuclear Science and Engineering and a senior operator at the MIT Nuclear Reactor. (http://web.mit.edu/nrl/www/)
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Produced by: Elizabeth Choe
Editing and Animations by: Ceri Riley
It's not exactly what you see in the movies... (it's actually much cooler.)
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Movie clips from:
Godzilla (2014), Warner Brothers
Hulk (2003), Universal Pictures
Dr. No (1962), United Artists
Fukushima footage from Sky News
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Will, Sam, and Sam (aka the Yellow Cake Boys), graduate students in nuclear engineering and management at MIT, talk about the basics and misconceptions of nuclear energy.
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This webinar was sponsored by the American Nuclear Society (ANS), the Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) Nuclear Innovation: Clean Energy Future (NICE Future) initiative, the CEM Clean Energy Education and Empowerment (C3E) initiative and the International Youth Nuclear Congress (IYNC). The webinar presented new ways experts are growing the next generation of young minds with innovative approaches to STEM education. Starting with a discussion of successful new programs in the United States, the webinar previewed upcoming webinars in the series focusing on other countries.
Did you know that a nuclear reactor isn't the same thing as a nuclear power plant? What a nuclear reactor can do might surprise you.
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Other reactor footage from:
Czech Technical University in Prague (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VOpdolSRqg)
Los Alamos National Lab (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4QhJEX6DiQ)
Reactor fuel image from Neutron Radiography of Irradiated Nuclear Fuel at Idaho National Laboratory (https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
Elevator Music Two Point Oh by JackBillPlatypus (https://soundcloud.com/jackbil....lplatypus/elevator-m
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Nuclear Reactor - Understanding how it works | Physics Elearnin video
Nuclear reactors are the modern day devices extensively used for power generation as the traditional fossil fuels, like coal, are at the breach of extinction. A nuclear reactor is the source of intense heat which is in turn used for generation of power in nuclear power station. Its mechanism is similar to that of a furnace in a steam generator; the steam is used to drive the turbines of the electric generator system.
A nuclear reactor consists of three crucial components: Fuel elements, moderator and control rods.
Fuel elements come usually in the shape of thin rods of about 1cm in diameter and contain fissionable nuclei, like Uranium (235 92U or 238 92U). These rods vary in number according to the size of the reactor, in large power reactor thousands of fuel elements are placed close to each other. This region where these fuel elements are placed is called the reactor core. These fuel elements are normally immersed in water which acts as a moderator.
The objective of a moderator is to slow down the energy neutrons in a nuclear reactor which are produced during the nuclear fission process by the fuel elements. Thermal neutrons, which are neutrons with energy of about 0.04 electron volts, are capable of producing fission reaction with 235 92U. During the fission reaction process, new neutrons are given out which have energies of about 1 MeV. These neutrons of typically escape from participating in another fission process as they are accompanied by enormous energy release. In f -ct, the probability of these neutrons produce another fission reaction is 500 times less than as compared to that of a thermal neutron. This is where moderator is extremely useful. Moderator has the capability to slow down, or in other words moderate, the speed of these high-energy neutrons, so that they can in turn be used for a chain reaction to trigger multiple fission reactions of other 235 92U nucleus.
Commonly, ordinary or heavy water is used as moderator in nuclear reactors because of the deuterons present in them which are capable of slowing the neutron speed. Water molecules in the moderator are useful in slowing down the high-energy neutrons which leave the fuel-element after nuclear fission. These high-energy neutrons collide with water molecules thereby losing out on some energy with every collision and therefore slow down substantially. A new fission reaction can now be triggered using this slow neutron by striking it with the fuel element.
The third and of the most prominent part of a nuclear reactor are the control rods. In order to get a steady output of energy from the nuclear reactor, every single nuclear fission reaction should trigger another fission reaction and ensure the availability of a spare neutron released to trigger the chain reaction. By controlling the number of spare neutrons available at any given time, the rate of the nuclear fission chain reaction can be controlled. This control on the fission reaction can be maintained using the control rods.
The main function of the control rods is to absorb any excess or spare neutron in the moderator in order to prevent any further fission reaction. Usually such control rods are made of Boron or Cadmium. To increase the rate of fission reactions, these rods can be removed from the moderator. A steady output of energy can be thus maintained by inserting or removing the control rods in the nuclear reactor.
Now that we know the components of a nuclear reactor, let us understand the working of a nuclear reactor. It is usually enclosed in a shield made of thick concrete walls. It consists of a reactor core, pump and heat exchanger. The reactor core and pump are in placed in contact with the water, which is usually the heat exchanger used in reactors. Due to the enormous amount of heat released dusing nuclear fission reaction, this surrounding water gets heated up and changes to steam, which is in turn used to turn the turbines. Thus huge heat energy gets converted into electrical energy. Water is continuously flown in and out of the nuclear reactor using the pump.
Thus a nuclear reactor successfully generates nuclear energy from fission reaction.
Ever wonder what actually goes on, day-to-day, at a nuclear reactor? Get an insider's tour of MIT's!
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Leaves by airtone (http://ccmixter.org/files/airtone/34427)
Elevator Music Two Point Oh by JackBillPlatypus (https://soundcloud.com/jackbil....lplatypus/elevator-m
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What's the difference between a nuclear reactor and a nuclear weapon? A lot more than you'd think.
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Movie clips from:
Bad Boys (1995), Columbia Pictures
Chain Reaction (1996), 20th Century Fox
Nuclear test film: https://archive.org/details/gov.doe.0800013, https://archive.org/details/gov.doe.0800003, https://archive.org/details/gov.doe.0800000, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwpgmEvlRpM
Aircraft crash test from Sandia National Laboratories (1988)
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This Hubblecast Light highlights the exciting discovery of the first water detected on a potentially habitable planet. With data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, water vapour has been detected in the atmosphere of a super-Earth with habitable temperatures by University College Longon (UCL) researchers.
More information and download options: http://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/heic1916a/
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Watch more Hubblecavideo.web_category.allst episodes: http://www.spacetelescope.org/....videos/archive/categ
Credit:
Directed by: Bethany Downer
Editing: Nico Bartmann.
Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida.
Written by: Bethany Downer & UCL
Music: tonelabs – Orion Fog (http://tonelabs.com)
Footage and photos: ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab
The near-term acceleration of the rate of temperature change shows an urgent need for research on the impacts of these changes for the environment and the human-built world. So, do we really need to grow into space? How can we do it in a sustainable way? It is high time for an integrated discussion of space matter with planetary concerns.
Our new comic series 'Space Rocks' will address these concerns adapted from the latest research articles. Stay tuned for more information.
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Learn about the first astronauts to go to the moon, the first person to go to space, and the spaceship that took the first Americans to the moon.
Announcement of winning proposals advancing to the final round of the Innovation Challenge competition.
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