Learn all about the largest phylum of organisms, the arthropods.
Arthropods have an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages.
Common arthropods are insects, crabs, ants, and lobsters.

Arthropods
https://moomoomath.com/charact....eristics-of-arthropo

Difference between habitat and niche-Ecology

A habitat is an ecological area where a plant or animal lives. It may be an island, a tree, or rock ledge. The habitat is where an individual can find food, shelter, protection, and mates.
A niche is a role or position that an individual has in its environment. A niche may also involve what the individual eats, how it interacts with other living things, and also how it interacts with the non-living factors.

I have taught at the same school for many years and the same room for many of these years. This would be my habitat. I teach Life Science at this building and this is my niche. Mrs. English teaches English and Mr. Kay teaches social studies. We all live in the same habitat and we all have our own niche.
Let’s take a look at a real world example.

The Galapagos Islands are islands located 605 miles to the west of South America. There are several types of finches that live on the islands. Their habitat would be the Galapagos Islands and the different Finches have their own niches. The different finches eat different types of food.

The warbler finch has a thin beak for eating insects. A ground finch has a short beak for eating seeds left on the ground.
Cactus finches eat cacti seeds.
Each Finch has their own niche that allows them to survive and prosper in the same habitat as other finches.
For more information
https://moomoomath.com/biologi....cal-niche-and-habita ‎

How is this city like a cell?
They both need to store water and other materials.
Welcome to MooMooMath and Science and organelles and in this video, I will cover the main functions of a vacuole.
Vacuoles store water and waste and other materials in eukaryotic cells. Remember these are cells with membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.

Vacuoles are storage sacks in plants and animal cells protists but they are not found in
bacterial cells in addition to storing water, vacuoles also store enzymes, waste, and even old damaged organelles.

You may also enjoy
Mitochondria
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWsjm2a-usk

Learn to calculate average velocity. Velocity is a vector because it measures magnitude and direction.
The formula for average velocity equals
velocity = displacement divided by change in time
In this video, I solve two basic average velocity problems.

In this video, I describe the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in clear and simple terms. My goal is to help you understand the difference between the different types of cells.
All living things are made of cells but they may be different.
First, cells can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells can be classified as bacteria or archaea.
Eukaryotic cells can be classified as plant or animal cells.

The Electromagnetic Spectrum is made up of EM waves that are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields. This is why they are called ‘electromagnetic’ waves.
The electromagnetic spectrum is ordered by a frequency which is the number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point per second. The electromagnetic spectrum contains radio waves, microwaves, light,x-rays, gamma rays, and more.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/06/what-is-elec

The MAD is the average distance of all of the elements in a data set from the mean of the same data set
You can think of it as how far each piece of information is from the average
If you look at MAD you have the mean which is the average, the absolute value, and deviation.
The MAD indicates how spread out your data set is.
A large MAD indicates a data set more spread out relative to the mean.
A small MAD indicates a data set less spread out relative to the mean.

This video helps with the following Math Standard
MGSE9-12.S.ID.2 Use statistics appropriate to the shape of the data distribution to compare center
(median, mean) and spread (interquartile range, mean absolute deviation, standard deviation) of
two or more different data sets.


You may also enjoy ...
Mean Median Mode and Range
https://youtu.be/2N7na6aBvpk

Learn about the characteristics of reptiles.Some common examples of reptiles include,
The four main reptile groups are the Turtles and Tortoises, Snakes and Lizards, Crocodiles and Alligators, and Tuatara

More about Reptiles
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2022/04/reptiles-cha

https://moomoomath.com/what-ar....e-the-characteristic

How does oxygen enter the body. The respiratory system is designed to exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide. The respiratory system is vital for the production of ATP. The mitochondria uses oxygen in order to produce ATP. In addition, it is designed to get rid of the waster product carbon dioxide.

The Mohs scale of hardness explained. How can I determine the hardness or the ability to resist scratching of this mineral?
It is the Mohs scale to the rescue. The Mohs scale has ten minerals that increase in hardness. Talc is a number one and is the softest and diamond is the hardest.
This scale can be used to identify minerals.

Additional information
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/04/the-mohs-sca

The Earth spins or rotates about an imaginary line that passes through the North and South Poles of the planet. This line is called the axis of rotation

It takes the Earth 23 hours and 56 minutes to complete one compete for rotation.
We round this to 24 hours which we call 1 day

The Earth rotates from west to east which counterclockwise. As the Earth rotates, different locations on Earth pass through the sun's light.
As a result, the sun appears to rise in the east and set in the west

As the Earth rotates the side of the Earth-facing the sun experiences day time and the side facing away from the sun experiences night time.
So the earth’s rotation is responsible for us experiencing day and night
The Earth’s revolution is the period of time it takes the Earth to go around the sun.
It takes two objects in order for a revolution to occur

The Earth revolves around the sun
It takes the earth 364 .25 days to revolve around the sun
We round this to 365 days 12 months or 1 year

The Earth travels in a counterclockwise direction

Foucault pendulum video
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....File:Foucault_pendul

What is the Carbon cycle? The carbon cycle is one of several biogeochemical cycles found on Earth. Carbon is found in almost all living organisms and makes up around .04 percent of our atmosphere.
What are the steps of the carbon cycle and how does the Carbon cycle work?
Carbon may travel several paths including,
The atmosphere, the terrestrial biosphere, the earth’s interior which includes the lithosphere, the ocean, and human influence like burning fossil fuels and other objects that store carbon.
In the video, I go through a carbon cycle diagram and explain each step.
Carbon can be found in several forms including carbon dioxide and methane.
The carbon cycle is essential for many ecosystems on Earth.

The Carbon Cycle
https://moomoomath.com/explain-the-carbon-cycle/

Biogeochemical Cycles - How the Earth Recycles
https://moomoomath.com/how-the....-earth-recycles-elem

Sublimation and Deposition are two types of phase changes. Sublimation is when a solid goes to a liquid and deposition is when a gas goes straight to a solid.
Sublimation and Deposition are phase changes. Sublimation is an endothermic process and deposition is an exothermic process.

What are the three domains of life? All organisms found on Earth can be divided into three domains titled bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. In this video, I compare and contrast the three domains used in the modern classification system.

You may enjoy... Characteristics of Life
https://youtu.be/M0jUd73feh4

Many times mass and weight are used to describe the same thing. However, these two measurements are different. In this video, I explain the difference between mass and weight.
Mass is a measure of how much matter something contains, which equals the number of atoms in it
Weight is a measure of how strongly gravity pulls on something

The SI unit for mass is kilograms
The SI unit for weight is the newton N
Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/12/difference-b

Phylum Cnidaria This phylum is famous for having stinging cells. Jellyfish and sea anemones are phylum cnidaria examples.
Phylum cnidaria characteristics include stinging cells, symmetry, and are all invertebrates.
Keywords: cnidaria biology sponge porifera 15
evolution animalia species
anemone coral polyp medusa
jellies stinging animals
classification cnidarian
You may also enjoy..

The phylum cnidaria
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjM-WOeM3uA

Cnidarian classification
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4h77EptlW4

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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

Excretory system
The excretory system removes waste and toxins from the human body.
Your skin eliminates waste by sweating.
Your lungs eliminate carbon dioxide.
Your kidneys filter over 180 liters of blood in order to produce urine.
The kidneys filter waste like urea. This liquid that is collected is called urine.
Your kidneys are made up of millions of filtering units called nephrons.

Transverse waves are waves in which the oscillation is at a right angle to the direction of the wave.
A transverse wave has a crest, trough, wavelength, resting point, wavelength, and frequency.
The following is a quick summary of the video.
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/

Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is when humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to develop offspring with traits they desire.
Selected breeding has been practiced for years with plants and animals.
Selective breeding has been used with horses, dogs, rice, wheat and corn

Let’s look at some examples,
Look at these two dogs
This Chihuahua mix and Great Dane shows the wide range of dog breed sizes created using selective breeding

As a cell moves from interphase into mitosis sister chromatids are created along with homologous chromosomes.

For more Math help visit our website
http://www.moomoomath.com/

Learn how to combine like terms in Algebra
For more Math help visit our website
http://www.moomoomath.com/

Voluntary and Involuntary muscles
Our muscular system allows us to move inside and outside.
Humans have an amazing range of movement.

There are two major types of muscular movement.
Voluntary and involuntary

Let’s look at the typing to help understand the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles.

When we control the muscles in the hands and arms and tell the muscles which keys to press, these movements would be considered voluntary
At the same time, cardiac muscles of the heart, and muscles that help you breathe are working automatically to keep you alive..
These muscle movements are involuntary.

The motor cortex is the region of the cerebral cortex involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements.
Your brain sends signals down the central nervous system and then the peripheral nervous system to stimulate muscle movement.

Involuntary muscles run automatically. There are two major types.
Our smooth muscles and our cardiac or heart muscle.

Involuntary muscles are controlled in the medulla oblongata which is located in the brainstem,
This portion of the brain controls involuntary movements such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, and more.
In summary, muscles we can control are voluntary
and our automatic muscles are involuntary muscles.

Middle School Tips
Middle School Survival Guide You can survive middle school and actually enjoy it.
Here are ten tasks you should do that I have learned from 25 years of teaching middle school that will help you in these middle grades.
These tips will help you improve your grades and my straight-A students practice most of these strategies.
The 10 strategies for not only surviving middle school but having success in school
1. Use an agenda daily
2. Learn to plan ahead
3. Learn memory hacks
Here is a video that is a good starting point for memory hacks
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7cPj7lSKo8
4. Pick good friends
5. Set goals
6. Always turn in your homework
7. Exercise
8. Get enough sleep
9. Read 7 Habits Highly Effective Teens
10. Be nice
More Information
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/07/middle-schoo
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Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
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Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs Producers vs Consumers

An autotroph is an organism that can self feed.The word autotroph comes from the Greek autos self and trophe nourishing.

Autotrophs are the producers in a food web.

Some common examples would include….

Autotrophs produce their energy from the sun in a chemical process called photosynthesis

They take Carbon Dioxide plus water and sunlight and produce sugar and oxygen

Autotrophs form the base of the energy pyramid.

A heterotroph comes from the greek word meaning heteros = another, different and trophe = nutrition
Heterotroph get their energy by eating other plants and animals.

They use
Sugar + oxygen to produce carbon dioxide + water and energy in the form of ATP

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 yield 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
This process is called cellular respiration

Some Heterotrophs that only eat plants, herbivores others eat only meat, carnivores others eat plants and animals omnivores while some heterotrophs feed on dead organic remains of other organisms decomposers
Updated Version: https://youtu.be/PzzCOEDtiMM
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: "Study Skills Teacher's Secret Guide to your Best Grades"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3bsg8gaSbw
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

For additional information on heterotrophs:
http://www.moomoomath.com/type....s-of-heterotrophs-wi

Use the formula is over of in order to solve 90 is what percent of 360.
The is over of formula has three variables and works to solve many percentage problems such as,
40 is what percent of 80
20 is what percent of 100
8 is what percent 32?