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Cell parts and function-Nucleus-Nucleur membrane-nucleolus-nuclear pores
Cell parts and function-Nucleus-Nucleur membrane-nucleolus-nuclear pores Teacherflix 4 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

Nucleus Structure
What the parts of the nucleus?
Cell parts and function-I have always heard that the nucleus is the brain of the cell. But why is it the brain, and what are the major parts of the nucleus?
The nucleus is a large organelle. In fact, you can see the nucleus with a compound microscope.
Here it is inside a cheek cell.
I’m going to look at four main components of a nucleus and the role each part plays.
The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane. It is very similar to the cell membrane, and it is composed of two layers. It protects and houses the other parts of the nucleus.
You can also find ribosomes on the outside of the nuclear membrane.
Up next are nuclear pores. These are openings found on the nuclear membrane.
They allow items to move in and out of the nucleus. An example would be the mrna. It would travel through a nuclear pore to leave the nucleus.
Nucleoplasm This is a gel-like material found inside the nuclear membrane. You will find the DNA suspended in the nucleoplasm
Nucleolus. This is almost like a nucleus inside the nucleus. It has a very high concentration of DNA,
It is also the site of transcription which is the starting point of protein synthesis.
This is how the nucleus controls the cell. It has all the information on how to make stuff like proteins inside the cell. These proteins are used for many purposes inside the cell.
Ribosomes are also made at the nucleolus
All eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and bacteria and other prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.

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Electron shells Elements 1-18
Electron shells Elements 1-18 Teacherflix 4 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

An atom is composed of a dense core called the nucleus containing protons and neutrons and a series of outer shells occupied by orbiting electrons
An electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that the electrons follow. The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell" also called "K shell", followed by the "2 shells" "L shell"), then the "3 shells" (or "M shell"), and so on.

A valence electron is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and the formation of a chemical bond
Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: For the first 18 elements, the valence electrons follow these rules. The first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight electrons, the third shell can hold up to 8 The transition metals vary from these guidelines.
You can use the periodic table for the groups 1,2,13,14,15,16,17,18 in order to find the number of valence electrons in the outer shell with the exception of helium. For example, all elements in group two have 2 electrons in the outer shell.
Elements in the same period have the same number of energy shells. Period 2 will have two energy shells.
So let’s go through the elements
Up first is period 1 Element 1 is Hydrogen in group 1 and contains one energy shell and 1 electron
Element 2 Helium period 1 group 18 and is the one exception because it has 2 valence electrons in the outer shell

Now period 2 which each have 2 energy shells.
Lithium found in group 1 has 2 electrons in k shell and 1 valence electron in L
Beryllium is found in group 2 and has 2 electrons in k shell and 2 valence electrons in L
Boron Is found in group 13 and has 2 electrons in k and 3 valence electrons in L
Carbon Is found in group 14 and has 2 electrons in k and 4 valence electrons in L
Nitrogen Is found in group 15 and has 2 electrons in k and 5 valence electrons in L
Oxygen Is found in group 16 and has 2 electrons in k and 6 valence electrons in L
Fluorine Is found in group 17 and has 2 electrons in k and 7 valence electrons in L
Neon Is found in group 18 and has 2 electrons in k and 8 valence electrons in L
Now let’s move on to period 3 with 3 electron shells
Sodium Is found in group 1 and has 2 electrons in k and 8 electrons in L and 1 valence electron in m
Magnesium Is found in group 2 and has 2 electrons in k and 8 electrons in L and 2 valence electrons in m shell.

Transcript
http://www.moomoomathblog.com/....2020/01/electron-dis

Autotroph vs Heterotroph  Producer vs Consumer
Autotroph vs Heterotroph Producer vs Consumer Teacherflix 4 Visualizações • 2 anos atrás

Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs Producers vs Consumers

An autotroph is an organism that can self feed.The word autotroph comes from the Greek autos self and trophe nourishing.

Autotrophs are the producers in a food web.

Some common examples would include….

Autotrophs produce their energy from the sun in a chemical process called photosynthesis

They take Carbon Dioxide plus water and sunlight and produce sugar and oxygen

Autotrophs form the base of the energy pyramid.

A heterotroph comes from the greek word meaning heteros = another, different and trophe = nutrition
Heterotroph get their energy by eating other plants and animals.

They use
Sugar + oxygen to produce carbon dioxide + water and energy in the form of ATP

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 yield 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
This process is called cellular respiration

Some Heterotrophs that only eat plants, herbivores others eat only meat, carnivores others eat plants and animals omnivores while some heterotrophs feed on dead organic remains of other organisms decomposers
Updated Version:
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For more Life Science videos and summaries see,
http://www.moomoomath.com/Midd....le-School-Science-an

For additional information on heterotrophs:
http://www.moomoomath.com/type....s-of-heterotrophs-wi

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