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In case you have a strange new desire to get an IOTBS shirt: http://store.dftba.com/collect....ions/its-okay-to-be-

See if you share a famous birthday (I got Tom Hiddleston): http://www.buzzfeed.com/kimber....leydadds/which-celeb

Explore the math behind Birthday Paradox #1: https://www.khanacademy.org/ma....th/probability/proba

Explore Birthday Paradox #2: http://www.trans4mind.com/pers....onal_development/mat

The “Facebook Birthday Problem” is a variant of the Coupon Collector’s Problem: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Coupon_collector%27s


Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment or check us out at the links below!

Follow on Twitter: @okaytobesmart @drjoehanson
http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Follow me on Twitter: @jtotheizzoe
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For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios

Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen Inc.
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Camera
John Knudsen - Gaffer

Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks (unless otherwise noted)

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The ABSOLUTE best place to learn more about atmospheric optics: http://www.atoptics.co.uk/

Excellent resource on ice crystal physics: http://www.snowcrystals.com/

Video showing “5 suns” over Cambodia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ejM6MJVVSFI
(actually two sun dogs, a parhelic circle, and two 120˚ parhelions!)

The coolest sky picture I’ve ever seen: https://www.facebook.com/NWSAmarillo/photos/a.376992752312629.94660.208741279137778/940978792580686/?type=3&theater

Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment or check us out at the links below!

-----------------
It’s Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Follow me on Instagram: @DrJoeHanson
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios

Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen Inc.
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Camera
John Knudsen - Gaffer

Music via APM

Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks (unless otherwise noted)

Thumbnail image by Фтещт Нфтлщмнш CC BY-SA 4.0

Is beer the perfect beverage? Let's see what science says...

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate

Subscribe to It's Okay To Be Smart: http://bit.ly/iotbs_sub

Big thank you to Jester King Brewery in Austin, TX: http://jesterkingbrewery.com/

The chemistry of beer flavors: http://www.compoundchem.com/20....14/07/10/beerchemica

Uncorking the past, a history of alcoholic beverages: http://www.economist.com/node/883706

Domestication of grain in near east: http://www.nature.com/nrg/jour....nal/v3/n6/abs/nrg817

Alcohol and social complexity in ancient western Asia: http://alexanderjoffe.net/alcohol.pdf

Finally, a weird Dutch Heineken ad from the 1950's about sending beer to the moon: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I03AxY5gA8I

Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Editing/Motion Graphics - Andrew Matthews
Gaffer - John Knudsen
Post-production intern - Dalton Allen

Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Stock images via Shutterstock

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Have you ever noticed that warning about raw or undercooked seafood at the bottom of restaurant menus? Ever wondered why it’s there? Because fish carry a ton of parasites, and if they aren’t prepared correctly then those parasites can make it into your body. But it turns out, this fishy intersection with the wild world of parasites can teach us a lot about how these moochers help keep ecosystems healthy, and why we should protect them.

REFERENCES:

Parasite Evolution https://www.livescience.com/55483-wei...

The World’s Parasites Are Going Extinct. Here’s Why That’s a Bad Thing https://www.smithsonianmag.com/scienc...

History of Human Parisitology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

Parasites in Seattle Sushi http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/sea...

Dramatic evolution within human genome may have been caused by malaria parasite http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/0...

Parasite Rex by Carl Zimmer https://www.amazon.com/Parasite-Rex-B...

Interviews and conversations with:
Colin J. Carlson (National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center)
Chelsea L. Wood (University of Washington)


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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
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Is luck real? It might feel like a mystical force tugging us toward good or bad fortune, but it turns out luck is really where probability runs into the human mind. That’s right, there’s a scientific side to luck, and if you study a few principles of math and psychology, you might even be able to create your own good fortune.

-----------
LEARN MORE:

“The Luck Factor” - Richard Wiseman http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/440674912

“What the Luck?” - Gary Smith http://amzn.to/2mQJvau

Sports Illustrated cover jinx study: http://bit.ly/cover-jinx

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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Joe Hanson
Editor/animator: Andrew Orsak
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox

Produced by PBS Digital Studios
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This time, we're the asteroid.

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate

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Read "The Sixth Extinction by Elizabeth Kolbert: http://amzn.to/1xGKn0K

Rodolfo Dirzo et al. "Defaunation in the Anthropocene" http://bit.ly/1H7JQdw
Stuart Pimm et al. "Biodiversity of Species and Their Rates of Extinction" http://bit.ly/1A5UZJM

Get to know an endangered species: http://discover.iucnredlist.org/

Half of world's wildlife has died off in past 40 years: http://bit.ly/1BHl8jR

Have an idea for an episode or an amazing science question you want answered? Leave a comment below!

Produced for PBS Digital Studios

Joe Hanson - Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen Inc
Kate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics
Dalton Allen - Post-production intern
John Knudsen - Gaffer

Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Stock images by Shutterstock

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How many times do you look in a mirror every day? Have you ever stopped to wonder how they actually work? Mirrors do strange things to our world, seemingly flipping everything so that what was right is left and what was left is right. But what if I told you that mirrors don’t actually flip the world left to right? The real magic of mirrors is far stranger and more interesting, as you’re about to learn.

Inspired by:
Gardner, Martin - The New Ambidextrous Universe: Symmetry and Asymmetry from Mirror Reflections to Superstrings

Check out It's Lit: Unabridged, a new podcast from PBS:
iTunes: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/....podcast/its-lit-unab
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/....4XOCT3jhB12mYcbA15h7

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Building a perfect igloo takes cool science!
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If you ever find yourself stranded in the snowy Arctic (or bored in Minecraft), you’re gonna need to know how to build an igloo. But how can building a house made of ice keep you warm? The science behind building an igloo is the same reason that otters and reindeer don't freeze to death!

LEARN MORE:

There really ARE 50 Eskimo words for snow: http://wapo.st/2iwThf3

PBS Idea Channel - An Infinite Number of Words for Snow https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CX6i2M4AoZw

Why there’s no such thing as cold: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Akd7MMRKDwc

How early humans settled the Arctic: https://uaf.edu/files/olli/Den....bigh-Slides_lowres.p

How to build a scientifically perfect igloo: http://www.popsci.com/how-to-build-an-igloo


It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.

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It never gets dark anymore. Not REALLY dark, anyway. Not like it used to. Light pollution is not only making it more difficult to see the night sky, but it's also affecting our health. For the past century and a half, since the dawn of electric light, we’ve been losing our connection to the night. We need artificial light for modern society, of course. The problem is, we need darkness for our health, and for the health of wildlife and ecosystems, and we’re not getting enough of it. I traveled to McDonald Observatory in far west Texas, one of the darkest places in North America, to learn what people are doing in order to preserve dark skies, and to see truly dark skies for myself (and so I could show them to you!). This video features time lapse night sky images that I’ve been collecting for the past few years, and I hope they make you feel something special. Turn out the lights, keep looking up, and don’t be afraid of the dark.
#lightpollution #darkskies #astronomy

SOURCES/MORE INFO: https://sites.google.com/view/....light-pollution-sour

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Yep. Goats!
↓ More info and sources below ↓

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate

Who are those people in the intro? Say hi to Joe Nicolosi (director) and Katie Graham (camera)!

Goat field of vision: http://blogs.lifeandscience.org/keepers/tag/pupil/

Goat pupil shape: http://www.journalofvision.org..../content/13/9/607.sh

Radiolab story about a goat on a cow: http://www.radiolab.org/story/224292-behind-goat/

"Fainting goat" syndrome: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myotonia_congenita

Goats have "accents": http://www.thedailybeast.com/c....heats/2012/02/16/stu

Goat tastebuds: http://bit.ly/1zFxhiY

Goat diet: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat#Diet

How goats climb so well: http://www.asknature.org/strat....egy/719058a39eea5af7

Billy Whiskers: http://www.childrensbooksonlin....e.org/Billy_Whiskers

In case you're curious, the star cluster in the thumbnail is Messier 30, which is in the Capricorn constellation, because goats.

Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Camera
Editing/Motion Graphics - Andrew Matthews
Gaffer - John Knudsen/Philip Sheldon

Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Stock images via Shutterstock

Produced for PBS Digital Studios
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You're gonna lobe this video
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Are you a left-brained person or a right-brained person? Spoiler: You're neither. Each of us uses both sides of our brain for most of what we do. But still, there are a number of brain functions that do show lateralization, where they are localized to one side or another. Why is this? And how does it influence our definition of consciousness? People with "split brains" can help us figure it out.

Special thanks to Dr. Michael Gazzaniga for his help researching this video!
Here's a wonderful vintage film featuring Dr. Gazzaniga's early split brain work: https://archive.org/details/splitbrain

-----------
READ MORE:

Gazzaniga, Michael S. "Forty-five years of split-brain research and still going strong." Nature reviews. Neuroscience 6.8 (2005): 653.
http://bit.ly/2ymOh55

Gazzaniga, Michael S. "The split-brain: Rooting consciousness in biology." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111.51 (2014): 18093-18094.
http://bit.ly/2yoacZo

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It's Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Writer: Shaena Montanari, Ph.D.
Editor/animator: Andrew Orsak
Producer: Stephanie Noone and Amanda Fox

Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
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Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: https://to.pbs.org/PBSDSDonate
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Now you "sea" them, now you don't! Cuttlefish are more than the chameleons of the sea, these cephalopods take camouflage to a whole new level.

Follow Joe during Big Blue Live!
Twitter @DrJoeHanson @okaytobesmart
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It's Okay To Be Smart is written and hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D
Follow me on Twitter: @DrJoeHanson
Email me: itsokaytobesmart AT gmail DOT com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/itsokaytobesmart
For more awesome science, check out: http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios

Joe Hanson - Creator/Host/Writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen Inc
Kate Eads - Producer
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics/Animation
Katie Graham - Camera
John Knudsen - Gaffer

Theme music: "Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Other music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock, stock footage from Videoblocks (unless otherwise noted)

PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateOKAY
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Check out Say It Loud from PBSDS ►► https://www.youtube.com/SayItLoudPBS
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The eyes are often the first thing we see when we look at someone. And when you look at them up close, everyone’s eye color is a kaleidoscope of shapes and hues. How does eye color work? The answer involves some very cool physics, and probably isn’t what you were taught in school. And you’ve probably wondered how is eye color inherited, or why some people have blue eyes even if their parents’ eyes are brown? Get ready for a long look deep into the genetics and physics of eye color. #eyes #eyecolor #blueeyes

REFERENCES:

Genetics of human iris colour and patterns - Richard A. Sturm, Mats Larsson
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/full/10.1111/j

Iris Color Classification Scales
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC57292

GWAS Findings for Human Iris Patterns: Associations with Variants in Genes that Influence Normal Neuronal Pattern Development
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC31551

Characterization of melanin in human iridal and choroidal melanocytes from eyes with various colored irides.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18353148

Can blue eyed parents produce brown eyed children? - Richard A. Sturm
https://bioenv.gu.se/digitalAs....sets/1571/1571499_ey


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You’re alive right now… at least I’m pretty sure you are. But you’re not TOTALLY alive. Bits of you are always breaking down, being thrown out, and being replaced. Even right now, parts of you are dying. Some of your cells even died before you were born. And some will never come back. These are all very strange, mildly uncomfortable things to think about. And what’s even stranger than that is a big fraction of your body is, was, and will never be alive. So how much of you is dead?

References: https://sites.google.com/view/....how-much-of-you-is-a

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Who knew there was so much science in a bowl of cereal?
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Ever notice how cereal clumps up in your bowl, or how cereal sticks to the edges of the bowl? Bubbles in beverages do the same thing.You've probably seen this surface tension and buoyancy at work, but did you know there's some mind-blowing science behind it? What we learn in our cereal bowl even connects to the lives of tiny insects that walk on water.

SOURCES/EXTRAS:

Vella, Dominic, and L. Mahadevan. "The “cheerios effect”." American journal of physics 73.9 (2005): 817-825.

Gao, Xuefeng, and Lei Jiang. "Biophysics: water-repellent legs of water striders." Nature 432.7013 (2004): 36-36.

Bush, John WM, and David L. Hu. "Walking on water: biolocomotion at the interface." Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 38 (2006): 339-369.

John Bush: Interfacial Locomotion http://math.mit.edu/~bush/?p=998

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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
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Honeycomb. Strawberries. Flower pods. Some people find these things incredibly scary. We call this extreme fear trypophobia. But why does it exist?

REFERENCES: http://bit.ly/2NvhWki

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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
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My ode to space exploration and Discovery... Galileo would have made a great astronaut.

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Why do we go to space? In the beginning of our space program, the answer had a lot to do with war and paranoia. But with the dawn of the space shuttle, that all changed. Where do we go from here?

Special thanks to the National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center for letting us hang out with the shuttle Discovery
Link to the interactive Mars panorama as seen on my phone: http://bit.ly/16ttUwr

Historical footage via NASA
Music: "Divider" by Chris Zabriskie
http://freemusicarchive.org/mu....sic/Chris_Zabriskie/

Written and hosted by Joe Hanson
Produced by PBS Digital Studios: http://www.youtube.com/user/pbsdigitalstudios

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Pucker up. I'm gonna lay some science on you!

When you really think about it, kissing is an odd human behavior. You know, all the rubbing of our faces all over each other. So there must be a good reason why we do it, right? From motherly comforts to testing the genetic compatibility of your "mate", the science of kissing is pretty awesome.

Learn more about "The Science of Kissing" by Sheril Kirshenbaum at http://amzn.to/Nuy0TE

Sheril's book has an extensive bibliography if you'd like to look more closely at any of these studies, but here's a couple that I mentioned:

Study of facial features and attractiveness ("men prefer fuller, redder lips"): http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/68/2/261/

Claus Wedekind's famous "t-shirt" study: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7630893

"Why do mothers cradle their babies on the left?" by Sieratzki and Woll, 1996 http://www.researchgate.net/pu....blication/14543476_W

Want to know more about the famous Austin mural where we shot this? http://www.austin360.com/news/....entertainment/share-

Did you catch the cameo from Julia Wilde? http://www.youtube.com/user/wildescience

Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Andrew Matthews - Editor and motion graphics
John Knudsen - Gaffer
Isaac Hammons - Sound

Produced for PBS Digital Studios
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Humans can develop intense relationships, even obsessions, with the things we’re fans of. A huge part of our identities, our emotions, and our lives get tied up in these things. Why are we like this?

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#fractionsong #songsforteachers #mathsong
This one's about simple fractions- they're parts of a whole! Have your students sing about halves, thirds, quarters, numerators and denominators!
See more of my math and science resources at: https://mathstory.com

LYRICS:
Fractions, fractions,
They're parts of a whole,
Fractions, fractions,
They're what I know...
They're equal pieces,
They're parts of a pie,
Fractions, fractions,
They're alright!

Half a pie, half a tree,
Halves of different things, are different sizes you see,
But a half is a half, big or small,
It takes two halves, to make one whole

(You have Fractions when you have equal sized parts of a whole. When it comes to halves, it takes two of them to make one whole!)

Fractions, fractions,
Parts of a whole,
Fractions, fractions,
Are what I know...
They're equal pieces,
Parts of a square,
Fractions, fractions,
They're right here!

Tells how many,
Parts there are,
Tells how many parts you got,
When you have parts,
Parts of the whole,
Fractions, fractions what you need to know...

1/3 of a pie,
1/3 of a bar,
Thirds of different things are different sizes by far,
But a third is a third,
Big or small,
It takes three thirds to make one whole!

(It takes 3 thirds to make one whole, 1/3 then 2/3rds, then 3/3rds- that's one whole)

Fractions, fractions,
They're parts of a whole,
Fractions, fractions,
They're what I know
They're equal pieces,
They're parts of a pie,
Fractions, fractions,
They're alright!

Numerator 'Never Under'
On the top,
D for Denominator, always Down,
Numerator up,
Denominator down,
Fractions, fractions,
Are all around!

¼ pie,
¼ square,
1/4 + 3/4 make one whole right here!
And a quarter is a quarter,
Big or small,
It takes 4 quarters to make one whole!

Fractions, fractions,
They're parts of a whole,
Fractions, fractions,
They're what I know...
They're equal pieces,
They're parts of a pie,
Fractions, fractions,
They're alright!

Here is a fun video to help you or your student learn about the basics of fractions, equal parts of a whole. Learn what a fraction is, and what each fractional part is called. Great for 1st grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade, or even 4th grade students.

Click here for more worksheets-----https://shorturl.at/bwCZ9
Click here for more worksheets-----https://shorturl.at/bqw35
Click here for more worksheets-----https://shorturl.at/fgMR0
Click here for more worksheets----https://shorturl.at/pAQS4



Click this link to get a practice worksheet to show your understanding of fractions and unit fractions
https://www.teacherspayteacher....s.com/Product/Unit-F
https://youtu.be/dDXFhTPmOtg

Visit Numberock's website for exclusive content, lesson materials & much more.
FREE TRIAL: https://learnmore.numberock.com/free-cfd.

Thank you for watching our Converting Fractions to Decimals Song
This song targets learning standards from 4th Grade - 6th Grade.

»»-------------¤-------------««»»-------------¤-------------««

Newly Available for Website Subscribers:
1. Number Notes | Highly-visual math worksheets that integrate drawing and creative processes that make problem-solving and note-taking way more fun.

Research has shown that resources like these worksheets help students to integrate their artistic side with the mathematical side of their brain and as a result aides with long-term memory retention.

Our own research has shown us that teachers who try these activities love them! It seems to be a natural extension beyond song and video and into additional visual learning tools that when used in concert with our videos, cater to the many different types of learners that in your classroom - especially those non-mathy types.

Hope to see you at https://learnmore.numberock.com/free-cfd.

#Math #Fraction #Grade6

Our mission? Make math fun, engaging, and oh-so-easy for both you & your students. Our library of lesson materials is not only super-affordable but is also FREE to try out at http://numberock.com/letsrockmath.

Thank you for watching our mixed numbers and improper fractions song!

Vintage Culture - Fractions [Tomorrowland Music]
Stream: https://tomorrowland.lnk.to/Fractions

•Vintage Culture:
http://vintageculture.com.br
http://instagram.com/vintageculture
http://twitter.com/VintageCulture
https://soundcloud.com/vintageculturemusic
http://facebook.com/vintageculturemusic

#tomorrowland #vintageculture #fractions