Microsoft have just announced their first topological qubit for their future quantum computers. They use a brand new material to science known as a topological superconductor which gives the qubits some robust proteciton against noise
Find out more on Microsoft's blog: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/quantum/

Why don’t we have a theory of quantum gravity yet? I explore why it has been so difficult. Check out this video's sponsor https://brilliant.org/dos
Our best theories of physics are incomplete, quantum mechanics and general relativity don’t work when we try and put them together so physicists have been looking for a grand unifying theory of quantum gravity for decades, and so far have failed. This is because it is virtually impossible to make an experiment where the large and small scales meet, so we look to the places in our universe where this happens naturally: black holes and the big bang via the cosmic microwave background. In this video I explain what our best theories are and how we are trying to get to a theory of quantum gravity.

#quantumgravity #ThreeByThree #DomainOfScience

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--- My Science Books ----
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--- Credits ---
Sound effects obtained from https://www.zapsplat.com
Music by Dominic Walliman

Visit https://brilliant.org/dos/ to get started learning STEM for free, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription.
And grab your posters here: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie In this map of plants I summarise all of the different kinds of plants from algae all the way through bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms, monocots, eudicots, rosids and asterids. I explain how they are related to each other due to their evolutionary history, and the features that make plants so successful, leaves, roots, a vascular system, spores, seeds, flowers and fruits.

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Special thanks
Special thanks to the researchers and staff at Kew https://www.kew.org/ for their help:
Lydia Shellien-Walker
Ilia Leitch
William Baker
Eddie Johnston
Sharon Willoughby

Some Awesome People
And many thanks to my $10 supporters and above on Patreon, you are awesome!
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Anja
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Theodore Chu
Tut Arom

My Science Books
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Credits
Writer, art, animation and edited by Dominic Walliman
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)

Additional Footage
- Big Trees And Moss Around Trees In Tropical Forest In Thailand Stock Footage provided by jamejones, from Pond5
- Scenic Nature Background Of Trees Covered With Moss In Deep Wet Forest Stock Footage provided by BananaRepublic, from Pond5
- California Super Bloom 2019 Dolly Shot Poppy Flowers In Lake Elsinore 04 4K Stock Footage provided by lovemushroom, from Pond5
- Daytime Timelapse Pacific Canadian Coast - Mountains & Ocean Stock Footage provided by JasonOpris, from Pond5
- 4K Video Of Rice Farming Landscape. Agriculture Background Stock footage provided by BananaRepublic from Pond5
- Wheat Field Of Gold Color. Real Time. Stock footage provided by Don_Rebe from Pond5
- Organic Golden Ripe Ears Of Wheat In Field, Soft Focus, Closeup, Agriculture Stock footage provided by stststst from Pond5
- Yellow Sunflower Flowers. Agricultural Land. Stock footage provided by kenonl from Pond 5
- Morning In A Forest. Summer Landscape Stock Media provided by nadiya_sergey / Pond5
- Low Flight Over Backlit Agricultural Sprinklers In Field - Aerial Drone Stock Media provided by neelix3k / Pond5
- Pink Sakura Tree Flowers Stock Media provided by nao988 / Pond5
- Green Caterpillar On Grass Macro Stock Footage provided by Mikko, from Pond5
- Zooming Into A Flower Head Stock Media provided by studiofi / Pond5
- White Chamomiles Blossom In Summer Field. Beautiful White Chamomiles. Chamomile Stock Media provided by mishelvermishel / Pond5

Chapters

00:00 Introduction
01:01 Algae
03:32 Land Plants and Bryophytes
04:36 Vascular Plants and Ferns
06:24 Seed plants and Gymnosperms
07:26 Fungi and Lichens
08:26 Angiosperms the Flowering Plants
10:52 Angiosperm Minor Groups
11:53 Monocots
12:53 Eudicots
14:02 Early Diverging Eudicots
15:14 Rosids
17:12 Asterids
18:20 Brilliant

In this video I explain all the basics of particle physics and the standard model of particle physics. Check out Brilliant here: https://brilliant.org/DOS/
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The standard model of particle physics is our fundamental description of the stuff in the universe. It doesn’t answer why anything exists, but does describe what exists and how it behaves, and that’s what we’ll be discovering in this video. We will cover the fermions, which contain the quarks and the leptons, as well as the bosons or force carriers. As well as which of the fundamental forces each of these fundamental particles interact with, along with the Higgs field. We’ll also look at the conservation rules of particle physics, symmetries in physics and the various quantum numbers that rule which particle interactions are valid and which are not.

#particlephysics #standardmodel #DomainOfScience

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-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters on Patreon, you are awesome!
Bob Milano
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Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
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--- Special Thanks ---
Special thanks to Sarah Johnson https://twitter.com/SJDJ and Henry Reich https://www.youtube.com/user/minutephysics for their fact checking help.

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
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--- Credits ---
Art, animation, presented by Dominic Walliman

References
[1] good summary
https://physics.info/standard/
[2] CPT symmetry
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP_violation
[3] Arvin Ash video
https://youtu.be/gkHmXhhAF2Y
[4] Conservation rules video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkFr3BGO8Dg
[5] More conservation rules
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbf7y7Uv6d4
[6] Particle conservation laws
https://bit.ly/3pIb05M
[7] Short explanation of spin
https://bit.ly/2R7UIGV
[8] Short video explaining spin
https://youtu.be/cd2Ua9dKEl8
[9] Pauli exclusion principle
https://bit.ly/3mr4bF5
[10] The failure of supersymmetry
https://bit.ly/3uumFHn
[11] A nice summary of CP-symmetry
https://bit.ly/3t5WmqS

--- Chapters ---
00:00 Intro
00:28 What is particle physics?
01:33 The Fundamental Particles
02:13 Spin
3:52 Conservation Laws
5:01 Fermions and Bosons
7:40 Quarks
11:12 Color Charge
14:13 Leptons
16:39 Neutrinos
19:08 Symmetries in Physics
21:56 Conservation Laws With Forces
23:07 Summary So Far
23:36 Bosons
25:48 Gravity
26:52 Mysteries
28:24 The Future
29:08 Sponsor Message
30:12 End Ramble

The Map of Superconductivity poster is available here: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie
Superconductivity is a fascinating property exhibited by many materials when they are cooled down to cryogenic temperatures to below a certain transition temperature. Below this temperature they lose all of their electrical resistance and they are able to conduct electricity with zero loss of energy. They also exhibit interesting magnetic effects including the total expulsion of magnetic fields from their interior due to superconducting eddy currents.
In this video I look at the different kinds of superconductors like type-I and type-II superconductors, and high temperature superconductivity, the theory behind them: Ginzberg-Lanadu theory and BCS theory,, and the applications of them in the real world which include superconducting magnets for MRI machines and particle accelerators, quantum devices like josephson junctions and S.Q.U.I.Ds for uses like quantum computing.
Digital version of this poster is here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/....95869671@N08/5128639

#physics #superconductivity #DomainOfScience

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-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters and above on Patreon, you are awesome!
Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
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Bob Milano
Joel Richmond
Raj Duphare
Alex Polo
Anca Selariu
David Renshaw
Eric Epstein
Hipotures
Kamil Qbitskey
Mark Pickenheim
noggieB
Petr Murmak
Prabhakar R
Reggie Fourmyle
Sandy Toye
Sebastian
Terrence Masson
Theodore Chu

--- Special Thanks ---
Special thanks to Mark Johnson for his error checking help.

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
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--- Credits ---
Presented, filmed, art, animation and edited by Dominic Walliman
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)

--- Chapters ---
00:00 Intro
00:48 Zero Resistance and Magnetic Properties
02:53 Conditions Needed for Superconductivity
03:24 Phase Transitions and Phase Diagrams
05:48 Different Kinds of Superconductor
08:35 Theory of Superconductivity
10:49 Real World Applications of Superconductivity
12:51 The Future of Superconductivity

The entire field of chemistry summarised in 12mins from simple atoms to the molecules that keep you alive.

#chemistry #DomainOfScience

If you would like to buy a poster of this map, they are available here: https://www.redbubble.com/peop....le/dominicwalliman/w

I have also made a version available for educational use which you can find here: https://flic.kr/p/UBS4mf
and a widescreen version: https://flic.kr/p/UNA1LW

Errata and notes:
1. I got the Oxidising Agent and the Reducing Agent the wrong way around! Sodium is the Reducing agent and Chlorine is the Oxidising agent. My confusion was that when a sodium atom looses an electron it becomes oxidised, so in my simple brain, I called it the oxidising agent. That is wrong because the agent that oxidises the sodium is the chlorine atom and so the labels are the wrong way around. Doh!
2. I drew the hydrogen H2 molecule with a double bond but it should be a single bond because they are bonded with a single covalent bond.
3. Where I have drawn carbon dioxide, the carbon should have a double bond to each of the oxygens.
4. Apparently Feynman diagrams are not that useful for theoretical chemistry, so perhaps that wasn't the best choice for the illustration. The feedback in the comments from a real theoretical chemist is "All we deal with is shuffling around electrons, but many many many electrons, so a Feynman diagram would need to be huge but at the same time would be very very repetitive."
5. In analytical chemistry, I should have called it distillation rather than precipitation.
6. My definition of organic chemistry being about ‘life’ is not very good. I should have said that organic chemistry looks at compounds that contain carbon. But there are some compounds in inorganic chemistry that also contain carbon, like carbon dioxide so I guess I'd also have to state that inorganic chemistry is almost everything else.
7. I said that fuels are inorganic chemistry which is misleading when I drew a car next to it. My understanding is that there are inorganic fuels that don't contain carbon, but obviously all the fuels we are familiar with are organic. I thought a picture of a car would tie a few things together elegantly, but it ended up giving the wrong impression. That’s okay, I’m still learning! :D
8. In inorganic chemistry, I should have stated that all natural minerals fall under inorganic chemistry so as not to be misleading, otherwise you might go way thinking that only man-made substances fall under inorganic chemistry which is not true. I said that 'a lot of the inorganic compounds that are studied are man-made' meaning that the cutting edge of research is mostly man-made substances.
9. Apparently water is not the most inflammable substance. I thought it was so that is interesting.
10. In the bonding section, hydrogen bonding and van der waals forces are technically inter molecular forces.

Here are some of the references I used for this video if you’d like to dig a little deeper
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemistry
https://www.uwlax.edu/chemistr....y-and-biochemistry/s
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry
https://www.cancerquest.org/ca....ncer-biology/biologi
Early smelting:
http://ispatguru.com/evolution....-of-blast-furnace-ir
Categorisation of reactions
http://www2.ucdsb.on.ca/tiss/s....tretton/chem1/stoich

Thanks so much to my supporters on Patreon. If you enjoy my videos and would like to help me make more this is the best way and I appreciate it very much. https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

Frontiers of Space: http://nobrow.net/shop/profess....or-astro-cats-fronti
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Solar System App: http://www.minilabstudios.com/....apps/professor-astro

Find me on twitter, instagram, and my website:
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Quantum simulation is a really promising route to discover new technologies of the future by finding new materials with new physical properties. Check out the Qiskit YouTube channel here: https://www.youtube.com/qiskit and this is a good playlist to start with https://bit.ly/2KxqOIV

I’ve talked before about how quantum simulation is my favourite application of quantum computing, so I thought I’d make a video to explain why. And in this video, I run an actual quantum simulation on a real world quantum computer.


You can implement this specific simulation too with this video: https://youtu.be/Z-A6G0WVI9w

#QuantumComputing #threebythee #DomainOfScience

--- References ---

[1] Toward the first quantum simulation with quantum speedup
pnas.org/content/115/38/9456
[2] Waiting for the Quantum Simulation Revolution
https://physics.aps.org/articles/v12/112
[3] Quantum Simulation Overview
https://qtft.org/quantum-simulation/
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_simulator
[5] Losses in Transmission of Power
https://blog.se.com/energy-man....agement-energy-effic
[6] What room temp superconductors would mean
https://singularityhub.com/201....8/05/13/the-search-f
[7] 2020 room temperature superconductor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Carbonaceous_sulfur_
[8] Carbon emissions from fertilizer creation
https://cbmjournal.biomedcentr....al.com/articles/10.1
[9] How many qubits you need to simulate certain molecules
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/4653262/1007.2648v1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
[10] IBM quantum roadmap
https://www.ibm.com/blogs/rese....arch/2020/09/ibm-qua
[11] Google million qubits by 2030
https://www.technologyreview.c....om/2020/02/26/916744
[12] Simulating a quantum computer on a classical computer
https://phys.org/news/2020-01-simulate-quantum-bits-supercomputer-compression.html#:~:text=However%2C%20today's%20practical%20full%2Dstate,physical%20memory%20the%20limiting%20factor.

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I have also made posters available for educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters on Patreon, you are awesome!
Theodore Chu
Petr Murmak
Sebastian
Eric Epstein
Alex Polo
Kevin Delaney
Reggie Fourmyle
Mark Pickenheim
Raj Duphare

Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
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--- Credits ---
Music, art, and everything else by Dominic Walliman

This is the Map of Quantum Physics and quantum mechanics covering everything you need to know about this field in one image. Check out this video's sponsor https://brilliant.org/dos
And grab this poster here: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie

I’ve been fascinated with quantum physics and quantum mechanics for a very long time and I wanted to share the subject with you so I made this map of quantum physics to lay out the ideas within the subject, to set some bounds on it so you know its not endless and to introduce you to lots of concepts that if you are interested in them you can dig deeper. When you are approaching a subject like this that’s so complicated it can be quite challenging because you don’t know where to start and you don’t know how all the concepts relate to each other so hopefully this will put everything in context.

This playlist expands on this video with lots of other more specific videos that dive deeper: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLOYRlicwLG3

#quantum #physics #DomainOfScience

If you’d like to support my free educational content: https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

Big shoutout to everyone who gave me feedback on twitter about the poster and a special thank you to Sarah Johnson and Chris Ferrie for their excellent fact checking.
https://twitter.com/SJDJ
https://twitter.com/csferrie

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-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters on Patreon, you are awesome!
Theodore Chu
Sebastian
Duong Nguyen
Eric Epstein

Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
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--- Credits ---
Sound effects obtained from https://www.zapsplat.com
Music by Dominic Walliman
Additional music: Verified Picasso by Scary Island, Song of Sadhana by Jesse Gallagher.
Sherlock Holmes image by Sidney Paget

This is my journey to find all of the fundamental constants of nature which took some surprising turns. Check out Brilliant who sponsored part of this video: https://brilliant.org/dos

When you learn physics, you very quickly encounter the physical constants of nature, things like the gravitational constant, the speed of light in a vacuum, planck's constant, the elementary charge things like that. These are numbers which we believe are the same everywhere in the universe, for all time. They are baked into our laws of physics and are very special, because if they were even a few percent different, then the Universe wouldn’t exist and neither would we. They are also fundamental because we can’t derive them from any underlying theory, we just have to take them as being true.

So I wanted to go on a quest to find all of the fundamental physical constants and collect them all together so you can see them all in one place, because that’s the kind of thing I do on this channel. So this video is the story of me doing that. But it took some fascinating twists and turns along the way, and the final set was definitely not what I was expecting, because it doesn’t actually include the ones we are familiar with, the ones I just mentioned: speed of light, gravitational constant, planck’s constant. Watch to find out why.

--- Links to source material ----
How many fundamental constants are there? By John Baez
https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/constants.html
Note that his final set is a little different to mine which is explained in his article. I chose my set to be the easiest to understand.
Here are the actual numbers for all these dimensionless constants from David Black
https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/constants_table.pdf

How fundamental are the fundamental constants?
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.2040.pdf

Dimensionless constants and cosmological measurements
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.0577.pdf

How do neutrinos get their mass?
https://www.symmetrymagazine.org/article/how-do-neutrinos-get-their-mass#:~:text=Trillions%20of%20neutrinos%20pass%20harmlessly,with%20any%20matter%20at%20all.&text=Neutrinos%20are%20a%20type%20of,interactions%20with%20the%20Higgs%20boson

Helpful wikipedia pages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_constant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Dimensionless_physic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Fine-structure_const

#physics #quantum #DomainOfScience

If you’d like to support my free educational content: https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

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I have also made posters available for educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters on Patreon, you are awesome!
Theodore Chu
Petr Murmak
Sebastian
Eric Epstein
Alex Polo
Kevin Delaney
Reggie Fourmyle

Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
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--- Credits ---
Music, art, and everything else by Dominic Walliman

Everything you need to know about gravitational waves. In February 2016 scientists announced the first detection of gravitational waves by humans on Earth. This was a huge, world changing, discovery. The gravitational waves were caused by a pair of colliding black holes 1.3 billion light years away 1.3 billion years ago. This video summaries all the of the mind blowing facts about the gravitational waves and describes LIGO, the incredibly sensitive telescope that detected them.

#gravitationalwaves #space #DomainOfScience

If you would like to buy a poster you can get one here http://www.redbubble.com/people/dominicwalliman/works/24649310-gravitational-wave-astronomy?asc=u&p=poster&rel=carousel

Errata and clarifications.

I endeavour to be as accurate as possible in my videos, but I am human and definitely don’t know everything, so there are sometimes mistakes. Also, because my videos are summaries of some quite complex science, I make simplifications. Some of these are intentional because I don’t have time to go into full detail, but sometimes they are unintentional and here is where I clear them up.

1. I got the month of the original detection wrong! It was September 2015, not November 2015. Silly me, my apologies.
2. “1.3 billion years ago, 1.3 billion light years away” This is incorrect and an oversight on my part. I completely forgot to take into account the expansion of the Universe. The resulting black hole is 1.3 billion light years from us today, but was closer to us when the collision happened, which means that it happened less than 1.3 billion years ago. I tried to work out exactly when but was stumped because I couldn’t find the function for the acceleration of the expansion of the universe. The redshift of the signal from the black holes was about 10%, so I thought the collision was 10% closer in time than 1.3 billion years i.e. 1.18 billion years, but I think it might be a bit more complicated than that.
3. LIGO schematic animation. I made a couple of silly errors here. The first circular mirror that the laser hits should be 90º to the way I oriented it: half the laser light is transmitted and half reflected, each one going up a different arm.
4. LIGO schematic animation. When the laser bounced back and forth it should bounce between the two suspended mirrors and not go all the way back to the diagonal mirror.
5. VIRGO is near Pisa, not at Trento as I drew on the map. I said the right thing but drew the wrong thing. My apologies.
6. ‘A second even more powerful collision.” Wrong again! The second collision was less powerful and the signal was more buried in the noise.

I’m not happy with the number of flat out mistakes I made on this one! I will try better in the future. I blame it on the Christmas spirits.

If you would like to find out more about gravitational waves and the detection here are the original papers and some very informative links.

Main LIGO scientific paper: http://journals.aps.org/prl/ab....stract/10.1103/PhysR
Supplementary LIGO paper: http://iopscience.iop.org/arti....cle/10.3847/2041-820

Articles:
http://physicsworld.com/cws/ar....ticle/news/2016/feb/
http://www.nature.com/news/the....-black-hole-collisio
http://www.businessinsider.com..../black-hole-collisio
http://www.space.com/33176-gra....vitational-waves-fro
http://www.ligo.org/science/Pu....blication-GW150914/i
http://www.nature.com/news/gra....vitational-waves-6-c
http://www.nature.com/news/the....-black-hole-collisio
What they sound like:
http://www.vox.com/2016/6/15/1....1948618/ligo-gravita

Also, if you enjoyed this video, you will probably like my science books, available in all good books shops around the work and is printed in 16 languages. Links are below or just search for Professor Astro Cat. They are fun children's books aimed at the age range 7-12. But they are also a hit with adults who want good explanations of science. The books have won awards and the app won a Webby.

Frontiers of Space: http://nobrow.net/shop/profess....or-astro-cats-fronti
Atomic Adventure: http://nobrow.net/shop/profess....or-astro-cats-atomic
Intergalactic Activity Book: http://nobrow.net/shop/profess....or-astro-cats-interg
Solar System App: http://www.minilabstudios.com/....apps/professor-astro

Find me on twitter, instagram, and my website:
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Space in infinitely big with infinite stuff in it, but buy using the power of categorisation I can fit it all into a 12 minute video. Grab the poster here: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie

This video explores all of the things in the Universe from our Earth and local Solar System, out to the Milky Way Galaxy and looks at all of the different kinds of stars from Brown Dwarfs to Red Supergiant Stars. Then to the things they explode into like white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes. Then we look at all the other kinds of galaxy in the universe, blazars, quasars and out to the cosmic microwave background and the big bang. It covers most of the different things that we know about in the Universe.

#space #cosmology #DomainOfScience

--- References ---
Here are a couple of references I used for further reading.
Stars info
https://owlcation.com/stem/Dif....ferent-Types-of-Star
List of space objects
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Lists_of_astronomica

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--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids! You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

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#space #universe #cosmology #science

Narration by Dominic Walliman
Art by Dominic Walliman
Animated by Dominic Walliman
Edited by Dominic Walliman
Music by Jeremy Soule nah just kidding it was also by Dominic Walliman

Every evening near Vancouver BC, a huge gathering of crows descend on a single block at Still Creek Drive, Burnaby. It is crazy!

Today is July the 3rd. And for us humans on earth, today is the day that we're the furthest away from the sun that we’ll be all year. So why is it so warm? Where I live, it's summertime and we've just gone through our first heatwave of the year, and you'd think it would be cold when you're far away from the sun and warm when you're close to the sun. On the 3rd of January. But it's the other way around. This can all be explained by the fact the earth has a tilted axis like my head. Right now, in the summer, we're tilted towards the sun, so we're getting more heat from it. Just to give you some concrete numbers. We're getting about 7% less energy from the sun by being far away now compared to January the 3rd, when we're closer, we get 7% more. But the difference in tilt means tilting towards the sun gives about 500 percent as much energy as being tilted away. For here in London. It obviously varies depending on how high up or down in latitude you are. And obviously everything's flipped for the southern hemisphere because it's their winter at the moment, so it does kind of make sense for them. But it's interesting. This combination means that in the Northern Hemisphere we have slightly longer summers and slightly shorter winters, whereas in the southern hemisphere it's the opposite way around. They have slightly shorter summers and slightly longer winters. So in conclusion, as they always say, nobody cares how far away you are from the sun. If you've got a wonky axis.

Calculus isn't just abstract mathematics, it is an incredibly useful tool. Here I show you how to use it to derive the volumes of 3D shapes. Check out my posters here https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie

This was the first example that really opened my eyes to the real value of calculus. I learned it in university in my physics department mathematics class, and it was just the beginning of a long journey of me wielding calculus at all sorts of practical problems in physics, and it gave me the power to see where the equations of physics came from, rather than just having to learn an memorize them. Awesome!

-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters on Patreon, you are awesome!
Theodore Chu
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#calculus #mathematics #DomainOfScience

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I have also made posters available for educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids! You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

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Everything you need to know about viruses in a quick visual explanation. You can get the infographic image here https://flic.kr/p/2j2LDWs

At the beginning of this pandemic like everyone I was hearing lots about viruses, but realised I didn’t know that much about what they are. So I did a load of research and have summarised what I learned in these nine images. This video explains the key aspects of viruses: how big they are, how they infect and enter and exit cells, how viruses are classified, how they replicate, and subjects involving viral infections like how they spread from person to person, how our immune system detects and destroys them and how vaccines and anit-viral drugs work.

Human error:
In slide 9 toxin vaccines are for bacterial infections like tetanus, not viruses.

Big shoutout and thanks to these people for fact checking my work:
Dr Michael Bramhall
Dr Christoph von Arx

#virus #ThreeByThree #DomainOfScience

If you’d like to support my free educational content: https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

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I have also made posters available for educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters on Patreon, you are awesome!
Theodore Chu
Sebastian
Duong Nguyen

Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids! You can see them all here:
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
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--- Further Reading ---
https://viralzone.expasy.org/5216
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21523/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-woQ6fgD4I
https://scopeblog.stanford.edu..../2020/04/02/whats-a-
https://scopeblog.stanford.edu..../2020/04/03/how-coro
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01221-y
https://opentextbc.ca/biology/....chapter/12-1-viruses
https://www.erinbromage.com/po....st/the-risks-know-th
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC70458
https://www.scientificamerican.....com/article/what-im
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigenic_shift
https://www.vaccines.gov/basics/types
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Antiviral_drug#Appro
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remdesivir

Chapters
0:00 Introduction
0:14 Virus Overview
1:21 Virus Size
1:58 Virus Classification
3:34 Cell Penetration
4:32 Virus Replication
5:58 Virus Release
6:58 Virus Infection and Range
8:15 Immune Response
9:22 Vaccines

Physics comes up in movies a lot, and as quite a difficult subject it is fun to see how physics is interpreted through the lens of cinema. Sometimes they get it very right and sometimes they get it very wrong!

A friend of mine who is really into movies picked out a bunch of clips for me to interrogate. Some movies I had seen before, and others I hadn't. See how Hollywood does with some hardcore physics!

#physics #movies #DomainOfScience

I have posters available to buy here: https://www.redbubble.com/people/dominicwalliman
I have also made versions available for educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

Also, if you enjoyed this video, you will probably like my Professor Astro Cat science books, available in all good books shops world in over 24 languages!
http://profastrocat.com

Thanks so much to my supporters on Patreon. If you enjoy my videos and would like to help me make more this is the best way and I appreciate it very much. https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

Find me on twitter, instagram, and my website:
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
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Visit https://brilliant.org/dos/ to get started learning STEM for free, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription.
And grab your posters here: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie
This is the Map of Medicine showing you all of the different areas of medical practice, the principles of medicine, diagnostic methods, the surrounding sciences that support the field of medicine and a description of the placebo effect and clinical trials.
#medicine #domainofscience

Check out Rohin @MedlifeCrisis placebo video: https://youtu.be/tefIopDJQBQ

Get My Posters Here

For North America visit my DFTBA Store: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie
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I have also made posters available for personal or educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

Special thanks

Special thanks for giving their input on the script and images:
Rohin Francis - check out his channel @medlifecrisis
Jürgen Klinner

Some Awesome People

And many thanks to my $10 supporters and above on Patreon, you are awesome!
Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

Alex Polo
Andrew Zey
Anja
Ben
Bob Milano
David Renshaw
Derp
Duong Nguyen
Eric Epstein
Gordon D
Guillaume Dorschner
hipotures
Jason Evans
Kevin Delaney
Lemon
Láďa Cupa
Mirik Gogri
MrsCylmsofly
Nelly
Nick (San Jose)
Prabhakar R
Raj Duphare
Reggie Fourmyle
Reto Ingenieria
Sandy Toye
Sebastian
Terrence Masson
Theodore Chu
Tut Arom
Wei-Lun Dai

My Science Books

I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie
http://profastrocat.com

Follow me around the internet

http://dominicwalliman.com
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Credits

Writer, art, animation, edited and presented by Dominic Walliman (basically I did everything)
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)

Chapters
00:00 Introduction
00:28 The Principles of Medicine
02:33 Areas of Medical Practice
08:25 Diagnostic Methods
10:49 More Areas of Medical Practice
12:43 The Placebo Effect
16:04 More Areas of Medical Practice
22:47 Sponsorship Message
24:06 More Areas of Medical Practice
25:17 Internal Medicine
36:02 Foundations of Medicine
42:03 More Areas of Medical Practice
47:11 Clinical Trials

This is a summary of all the main companies building quantum computers today, and what their most powerful machines are. You can get the digital image here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/....95869671@N08/5184976 But we can’t simply look at qubits counts because so many other factors go into the quality of a quantum computer, so here I look at the quantum volume metric which is a much better way of comparing machines. And we look at what steps these companies need to take to achieve large scale useful general purpose quantum computers, and the timelines the companies have set out to achieve these.
#quantumcomputing #domainofscience

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I have also made posters available for personal or educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters and above on Patreon, you are awesome!
Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

Raj Duphare
Ben
Derp
Eric Epstein
Gordon D Collins
Jason Evans
Kamil Qbitskey
Mirik Gogri
noggieB
Petr Murmak
Prabhakar R
Reggie Fourmyle
Sandy Toye
Sebastian
Terrence Masson
Theodore Chu
Guillaume Dorschner
Joshua Rauß

--- Special thanks ---
Special thanks for giving their time to help me with the script to:
Michał Stęchły
Nicholas Bronn

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
https://www.instagram.com/dominicwalliman

--- Credits ---
Writer, art, animation and edited by Dominic Walliman
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)

--- References ----
[1] First quantum computer
https://journals.aps.org/prl/a....bstract/10.1103/Phys
[2] IBM Roadmap
https://research.ibm.com/blog/....quantum-development-
[3] Google Roadmap
https://blog.google/technology..../ai/unveiling-our-ne
[4] D-Wave Roadmap
https://www.dwavesys.com/media..../xvjpraig/clarity-ro
[5] Intel quantum computing
https://www.intel.com/content/....www/us/en/research/q
[6] Rigetti
https://www.rigetti.com/
https://quantumcomputingreport.....com/rigetti-announc
[7] PsiQuantum hundreds of logical qubits
https://psiquantum.com/resources
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/....2020/04/psiquantum-t
[8] ColdQuanta future prediction
https://coldquanta.com/quantum-computing
[9] CLOPS definition from IBM
https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.14108
[10] UST of China’s quantum computers
https://www.scientificamerican.....com/article/china-i
[11] Alibaba and Baidu
https://www.scmp.com/abacus/te....ch/article/3034469/t
[12] Xanadu
https://spectrum.ieee.org/race....-to-hundreds-of-phot
[13] PsiQuantum a million qubits by 2025
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/....2020/04/psiquantum-t
[14] Xanadu number of qubits (40)
https://www.wsj.com/articles/x....anadu-lands-100-mill
[15] ColdQuanta number of qubits (100)
https://thequantuminsider.com/....2021/07/26/tqd-exclu
[16] Atom computing number of qubits (100)
https://www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsights/2021/11/18/atom-computing-a-quantum-computing-startup-that-believes-it-can-ultimately-win-the-qubit-race/#:~:text=Phoenix%2C%20the%20name%20of%20Atom's,uses%20100%20optically%20trapped%20qubits.
[17] IonQ roadmap
https://ionq.com/posts/decembe....r-09-2020-scaling-qu
[18] Pasqal roadmap and merger with Qu&Co
https://pasqal.io/2022/01/11/q....uantum-startups-pasq
[19] QuEra roadmap
https://www.quera.com/
[20] Silcon quantum computing roadmap
https://sqc.com.au/

--- Chapters ---
00:00 Company Qubit Counts Summary
02:00 Quantum Volume and Factors Beyond Qubit Counts
05:34 The Best Quantum Computer Right Now
06:05 How To Build a General Purpose Quantum Computer
07:46 Predictions for the Rest of the Decade

Can you see neutrinos with your eyes? Strangely enough, the answer seems to be yes. Check out the sponsor of this video Brilliant: https://brilliant.org/DOS/
Neutrinos are the least well understood fundamental particle, and the fact that they don’t interact very much doesn’t help us study them. 300 trillion go through your body every second which is why some people call them ‘ghost particles’. But very occasionally they do hit us, and I wondered what would happen if one of them happened to hit us in our eye. Could we see it? So I figured it out with the same physics behind neutrino detectors, and the answer seems to be yes! Although you need a lot of eyes.

--- References ----
[1] Mean free path of neutrinos in water (1.7*10^17m)
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.g....su.edu/hbase/Particl
[2] Measured neutrino flux from Super-Kamiokande (2.41*10^6 per cm^2 per second for neutrinos in water)
https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/9805021
[3] Cherenkov radiation peaks around 420nm (visible)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....topics/chemistry/che
[4] Human eyes are sensitive to 5-7 photons, down to just 1
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12172
[5] Super Kamiokande paper
https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.07538

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I have also made posters available for personal or educational use which you can find here: https://www.flickr.com/photos/95869671@N08/

-- Some Awesome People ---
And many thanks to my $10 supporters and above on Patreon, you are awesome!
Join the gang and help support me produce free and high quality science content:
https://www.patreon.com/domainofscience

Bob Milano
Raj Duphare
Ben
Anca Selariu
Eric Epstein
Gordon D Collins
Kamil Qbitskey
Mirik Gogri
noggieB
Petr Murmak
Prabhakar R
Reggie Fourmyle
Sandy Toye
Sebastian
Terrence Masson
Theodore Chu
Joshua Rauß
David Renshaw

--- Special Thanks ---
Special thanks to Virginia Schutte and Kurtis Baute for their helpful advice.

--- My Science Books ----
I also write science books for kids called Professor Astro Cat. You can see them all here:
https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/domain-of-scie
http://profastrocat.com

--- Follow me around the internet ---
http://dominicwalliman.com
https://twitter.com/DominicWalliman
https://www.instagram.com/dominicwalliman

--- Credits ---
Writer, art, animation and edited by Dominic Walliman
I use Adobe Illustrator and After Effects for the graphics (for the many people who ask :)

Microsoft's just unveiled a qubit that uses a topological superconductor material, this is why this material is exciting for quantum computer development, it's resitance to noise.
Read more on their blog here: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/quantum/